Service Manuals, User Guides, Schematic Diagrams or docs for : Agilent 5991-0797EN English _ 2014-08-02 _ PDF 885 KB c20141023 [11]

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>> Download 5991-0797EN English _ 2014-08-02 _ PDF 885 KB c20141023 [11] documenatation <<

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Keysight Technologies

Solutions and Measurement Tools for Use
in Average Power and Envelope Tracking Design




                           Application Note
Introduction
     With the advent of LTE, the transmission system in a cellular smartphone must process
     signals with both a very wide range of average power, to suit the user's location in the cell,
     and a high (8 dB) short term peak to average power ratio due to the nature of the LTE signal.
     Depending on the ampliier technology, the device may have to operate several dB below the
     level it would be capable of providing with a W-CDMA waveform. This comes at a time when
     battery capacity is already at a premium, heat dissipation within the handset is based on a
     budget and frequency coverage of multiple spectrum bands is required.

     The RF power ampliiers account for a signiicant portion of both the energy consumed and
     heat generated by the RF front end. Individual ampliiers may be required for each band. For-
     tunately, combining a multi-phase switched mode power supply with a high frequency linear
     ampliier enables an "on demand" approach to the supply voltage that can be used to deliver
     a useful reduction in both energy used and heat generated.

     With ampliier technologies having a soft AM/AM compression characteristic, supply
     modulation may also be used to signiicantly improve linearity. This reduces in-band and
     out-of-band intermodulation signals at higher powers. The use of boost mode in the SMPS
     to give transient increases in supply voltage enables further linearity improvements.

     This document provides an outline of the techniques involved and the solutions Keysight
     Technologies, Inc. provides for RF, baseband and system developers.


                                                 Envelope
                    Shaping
        PA supply




                              PA input




                      Magnitude
                                                                              ACP
                                                                         dB
                      RF signal                 RF PA


                                                                

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