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708_901_01B


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   Model 708
Switching System
   Instruction   Manual




                  Contains   Operating   and Servicing   information
                                                         WARRANTY
Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants this product to bc free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of I year from date of
shipment.


Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants the following items for 90 days from the date of shipment: probes, cables, rechargeable batteries,
diskcttcs, and documentation.


During the warranty period, we will, at our option, either repair or replace any product that proves to be defwtivc.


To cxercisc this warranty, write or call your local Kcithley representative, or contact Keithley headquarters in Cleveland, Ohio. You will
be given prompt assistance and return instructions. Send the product, transportation prepaid, to the indicated service facility. Repairs
will bc made and the product returned, transportation prepaid. Repaired or replaced products xc warranted for the balance of the origi-
nel warranty period, or at least 90 days.


                                                LIMITATION         OF WARRANTY
This warranty dots not apply to defects resulting from product modification without Kcithley's express written consent, or misuse of
any product or part. This warranty also does not apply to fuses, software, non-rcchargcablc batteries, damage from batcry lc&agc, 0~
problems arising from normal wear or failure to follow instructions.


THIS WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCI.UDING ANY IMPLIED
WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY    OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR USE. THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE
BUYER'S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES.


NEITHER KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC. NOR ANY OF ITS EMPLOYEES SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDI-
RECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF ITS INSTRUMENTS AND
SOFTWARE EVEN IF KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC., HAS BEEN ADVISED IN ADVANCE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
SUCH DAMAGES. SUCH EXCLUDED DAMAGES SHALL INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO: COSTS OF REMOVAL
AND INSTALLATION, LOSSES SUSTAINED AS THE RESULT OF INJURY TO ANY PERSON, OR DAMAGE TO PROPERTY.




Keithley Instruments, Inc. - 28775 Aurora Road-Cleveland, OH 44139 - 216-248-0400 - Fax: 216-248-6168 - http://www.keithley.com
Model     708 Switching System
        Instruction Manual




      01996, Keithley Instruments, Inc.
             All rights reserved.
          Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A.
         Second Printing. lunc 1997
    Document Number: 708-90-01 Rev. R
                                         Manual                         Print History
The print history shown below lists the printing dates of all Revisions and Addenda created for this manual. The Revision
Level letter increases alphabetically as the manual undergoes subsequent updates. Addenda, which are relcascd between Revi-
sions, contain important change information that the user should incorporate immediately into the manual. Addenda arc num-
bered sequentially. When a new Revision is created, all Addenda associated with the previous Revision of lhc manual are
incorporated into the new Revision of the manual. Each new Revision includes a revised copy of this print history page.


                 Kcvisim A (DocumentNamhcr708-901-01)....................................................................................14%
                                                                                                                            Pcbruary
                 Addendutn (Dncument
                           A          Number  X18-901 .......................................................................................
                                                    -02)                                                                          Mily ,996
                 *ddc"dumA ~""cumentNumber               .......................................................................................
                                              708~901-03~.                                                                        July 1Wh
                                                      ..........................................................................................
                 RWiSi"" B (Ihcumcnt Nunlhcr7"%9"1~"1).                                                                           JU"C,997
                                                                         Safety Precautions

The following safety precautions should he obsaved before using           Users OS his product must be pro,ecwtt from elcclric shock ia illI
this product and any associated instrumcnlation. Although some in-        times. The responsible body must c~wrc dun oscr\ xc prcvcwxt
struments and accessories would normally be used with non-baz-            access and/or insutaled from every conneclion point. In some CIISLIS.
ardous voltages, there arc situations where huardous conditions           connections most bc cxposcd 10 polenlial buman COIIIWI. Product
may bc present.                                                           users in these circunx~mccs   must he trained to protect thcmsclvcs
                                                                          from the risk ofelecLTic shock. If Ihc circuit is capable ofopcmling
This product is intended for USCby qualified personnel who rccog-         al or above 1000 voids, no conductive     part of the circuit may be
nirc shock hazards and are familiar with the safety precautions re-       exposed.
quired to avoid possihlc injury. Read Lbc operating information
cardully before using the product.

The types of product users are:

Responsible body is the individual or group responsible for the USC
and maintenance of equipmcnt. and for ensuring that operators are
adequately trained.

Operators use tbc product for its intended function. They most hc         Do not connect switching cards dircclty 10 unbmilcd power circuils.
trained in electrical safety procedures and proper use of the inntru-     They arc intended LO be used with impcdancc limilctl sourcc~.
ment. They must bc protected from electric shock and contacl with         NEVER connect switching cards directly to AC mains. When con-
hazardous live circuils.                                                  nccting sources to switching cards. install prolectivc dcviccr 1o tiw
                                                                          it fault currcn, and votragc to the card.
Maintenance     personnel perform routine procedures on the product
to keep it operating, for example. setting tic line voltage or rcplac-    Bcforc operating an inswument, make sure lbc lint cord is connccl~
ing consumable materials. Maintenance procedures are described in         cd to a properly grounded power reccpt;~lc. Inspect the connecting
the manual. The procedures explicitly state if tbc operator may pw        cables, test leads, and jumpers for possible wear. cracks. or breaks
form them Otherwise, they should be pcrformed only by service             before each use.
p~IS""d
                                                                          For maximum safety. do no, louch ,bc product, tcs, abler. or any
Service personnel are trained to work on tivc circuits, and perform       other instruments white power is appticd to the circuil under test.
saie installations and repairs of products. Only properly trained ser-    ALWAYS remove power from the entire test syswm and discharge
vice personnel may perform installation and service procedures.           any capecitars before: connecting or disconnccdng cabtcs or jump-
                                                                          ers, installing or removing switching cards. or making internal
Exercise cxtrome caution when a shock hazard is present. Lethal           changes, such as installing or removing jumpers.
voltage may be present on cable connector jacks or test fixtures. The
American National Standards Institute (ANSI) states that a shock          Do not touch     any object that could provide a currcn~ petit to tbc
hazard exists when voltage levels greater than 30V RMS, 42.4V             common side      of tbc circuit under wrl or power line (earth) ground.
peak, or 60VDC are present. A good safety practice is to Expect           Always make       m~~surcments with dry hands while standing on a
that hazardous voltage is present in any unknown circuit beSore           dry, insulated    surface capahtc of withslanding     the voltapc hciny
measuring.                                                                measured.
Do not exceed the maximum signal levels of the inslrumcnt~ and ac-       Instrumentation     and a~~~~sories shall not be connected   LOhumans.
ccssories, as delined in the specilications and operating informa-
tion, and as shown on the instrumenl or at tixtorc pan&, or              Beiore performing      any maintenance,   disconnecl   Lhc lint cord and
switching card.                                                          all test cables.

                                                                         TII maintain protection from electric shock and fire, rcplaccmcnt
When fuses are used in a product, replace with same type and rating
                                                                         components in mains circuits, including the power ~ransCormer, lest
lor continued proteclion agains, lirc hazard.
                                                                         Icads, and input jacks, must be purchased from Keithley lnstru-
                                                                         mmts. Standard fuses, wilh applicable national safely approvals,
Chassis connecLions must only be used as shield connections        lo1
                                                                         may hc used if the rating and type are the same. Other components
measuring circuils, NOT as safely cart,, ground connections.
                                                                         that are not salety related may be purchased from other suppliers as
                                                                         long as they are equivalent to the original component. (Note that se-
If you ax using a test fixture, keep the lid closed while powcr is ap-
                                                                         lcclcd parts should bc purchased only through Keithley instruments
plied to the device under test. Safe operation requires the use of a
                                                                         to maintain accuracy and funclionalily      of the product.) If you am
lid intcll"ck.
                                                                         unsure about the applicability   of a replacement componen,, call II
                                                                         Keithley Instruments oftice for informalion.
Ifa @ LL~CWis prcscnt, connect it to safely earl,, ground using the
         "
wire recommended in Ihe user documentation.
                                                                         To clean the instrument, USC a damp cloth or mild, water based
                                                                         cleaner. Clean the exterior or Lhe insLIumcnt only. Do not apply
The A ! symbol on an instrument indicates Ihat the user should rc-
                                                                         cleaner directly to the instnun~nl or allow liquids to enter or spill
fcr t" the upcrating instructions located in the manual.
                                                                         on the inslrument.
Then       symbol on an instrument shows Iha, it can source or me&
sure 1000 dolts or more. including the combincd effect of normal
and commrln mode ""Itages. "se standard safety precautions LO
avoid personal contact with thcsc voltages.

The WARNING        heading in a manual explains dangers that might
result in personal injury or death. Always read Lhe associated infor-
mation wry carefully before performing the indicated procedure.

The CAUTION      heading in a manual explains hands   tia~ could
damage the instrument. Such damage may invalidate the warranty.
Specifications
                                                                                            Table of Contents
1       General information
1.1     Introduction.. ........................................................................................................................................................       I I
1.2     Features ................................................................................................................................................................     I I
1.3     Warranty information ...........................................................................................................................................              I -I
1.4     Manual addenda ...................................................................................................................................................            I I
1.5     Safety symbols and tams ....................................................................................................................................                  I I
1.6     Specifications .......................................................................................................................................................        I-2
1.7     Unpacking and inspection.. ..................................................................................................................................                 I-?
1.7.1          Inspection ror damage ................................................................................................................................                 I-2
1.7.2          Shipment contents ......................................................................................................................................               I-2
1.X     Repacking for shipment .......................................................................................................................................                I-2
1.9     Optional acCeSSorieS..         ...........................................................................................................................................    I-2


2       Card Installation
2.1     Introduction ..........................................................................................................................................................       2-l
2.2     Changing card installation access .......................................................................................................................                    .2-l
2.3           .....................................................................................................................................
        Card ~nstallatlonlremoval..                                                                                                                                                   2-2


3       Getting Started
3.1     Introduction.. ........................................................................................................................................................ 3. I
3.2     Front panel famdmnzatlon..
                           .....................................................................................................................................                3-I
3.2.1          LED matrix ................................................................................................................................................      3-2
3.2.2          Light pen connection.. ................................................................................................................................ 3-3
3.2.3          LED indicators ...........................................................................................................................................       3-3
3.2.4          Switches/connections.. ............................................................................................................................... 3-3
3.3     Rear panel familiarization.. .................................................................................................................................. 3-4
3.4     Card connections.. ................................................................................................................................................     3-6
3.4.1          Overview - matrix design considerations ................................................................................................ 3-h
3.4.2          Connections - mstruments to rows ......................................................................................................... .3-6
3.4.3          ConnectIons - mstmments to columns .................................................................................................... 3-X
3.4.4          Connections -partial               matrix expansion ................................................................................................... 3-X
3.4.5          Multiple application cards .......................................................................................................................... 3-8
                           ,,
3.5     Expandmg matrix SIX.. ...................................................................................................................................... 3.10
3.5.1          Overview ~ multiple matrix expansion.. ............................................................................................... .3 IO
3.5.2          Backplane row expansion ........................................................................................................................ 3- I4
3.5.3          External expansion ................................................................................................................................... 3- 14
3.5.4          Control expansion using master/slave configuration ............................................................................... 3- I.5
3.5.5          System expansion issues. ......................................................................................................................... 3.18
 3.5.6         Documenting system configuration .........................................................................................................                             3.18
 3.5.7         Analog backplane cable construction. .....................................................................................................                             3.20
 35.8          Sample expanded matrices ......................................................................................................................                        3.20
 3.6      Bask?watching overview ..................................................................................................................................                   3.24
 3.6.1         Power-up.. ................................................................................................................................................            3-24
 3.6.2         Selecting make/break and break/make rows ............................................................................................                                  3.24
 3.6.3         Modifying a relay setup ...........................................................................................................................                    3.24
 3.6.4         Storing relay setup and applying setup to relays .....................................................................................                                 3.24


 4        Operation
 4.1      Introduction.. ........................................................................................................................................................      4 -I
 4.2      Setup date paths.. .................................................................................................................................................         4-l
 4.3      Power-up procedure.. ...........................................................................................................................................             4-2
 4.3. I          Line power connections .............................................................................................................................                  4-2
 4.3.2           Power switch.. ............................................................................................................................................           4-2
 4.3.3           Power-up self-test and error condltlons..              .....................................................................................................          4-2
 4.3.4           Power-up c"nCigurati"n .............................................................................................................................                  4-3
 4.3.5           Master/slave power-up ...............................................................................................................................                 4-3
 4.4      Display.. ...............................................................................................................................................................    4.4
 4.4.1           Error LED ..................................................................................................................................................          4-4
 4.4.2           IEEE-4X8 statns indicators ........................................................................................................................                   4-4
 4.4.3           Crosspoint display LEDs ...........................................................................................................................                   4-S
 4.4.4           Light pen ....................................................................................................................................................        4-S
 4.5      Crosspoint display ...............................................................................................................................................           4-6
 4.5. I          Modifying.. ................................................................................................................................................          4-6
 4.52            Copying ......................................................................................................................................................        4-h
 4.6      Operation control .................................................................................................................................................          4-7
 4.6. I          Digital I/O ports.. .......................................................................................................................................           4-7
 4.6.2           External trigger.. ........................................................................................................................................           4-X
 4.6.3           Matrix ready "utput ...................................................................................................................................               4-X
 4.6.4           Stand-alonc and master/slave .................................... ................................................................................                    4-9
 4.6.5           IEEE-488 bus address.. ............................................................................................................................                  4.10
 4.6.6           Hardware relay settling times ..................................................................................................................                     4.10
 4.6.7           Self-test.. ..................................................................................................................................................       4.10
 4.6.8           Factory delaults .......................................................................................................................................             4.10
 4.7      Selecting switching parameters .........................................................................................................................                    4.10
 4.7.1           Programmed settling times ......................................................................................................................                     4-l I
 4.7.2           Make/break and break/make rows ...........................................................................................................                           4-l I
 4.8      Triggering ..........................................................................................................................................................       4-I I
 4.x.1           Sources.. ...................................................................................................................................................        4-12
 4.X.2           Overnm conditions ..................................................................................................................................                 4.12
 4.8.3           External trigger input ...............................................................................................................................               4.14
 4.8.4           Matrix ready output .................................................................................................................................                4.14
 4.8.S           IEEE-48X bus triggering ..........................................................................................................................                   4.15
 4.9      Reset ..................................................................................................................................................................    4.15



 5        IEEE-488 Programming
 5.1      Introduction ..........................................................................................................................................................      5-l
 5.2      IEEE-488 quick start.. ..........................................................................................................................................            5-l
 5.3      Bus cable connections ..........................................................................................................................................             5.3



ii
5.4       Interface function codes .......................................................................................................................................       5-S
5.5       Primary address programming.. ........................................................................................................................... 5-S
5.6       QuickBASIC programming ................................................................................................................................. 5-6
5.7       Indicator and c"ntrol aspects "f IEEE-488 "pcration .......................................................................................... S-7
5.7. I            Error LED ..................................................................................................................................................   s-7
5.7.2             Stetus indicators .........................................................................................................................................    S-X
5.7.3             I,OCAL/DIGITAL           I/O key.. ...................................................................................................................... S-9
5.7.4             Concurrent front panel and bus operation .................................................................................................. S-LJ
5.8       Gcncral bus command pmgramming ................................................................................................................... S-


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