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03_Reference Information


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2. Reference Information
2-1 Introduction to DVD
2-1-1 The Definition of DVD

DVD is the next generation medium and is the acronym of the Digital Versatile Disc or thr Digital Video Disc,
which maximizes the saving density of the disk surface using the MPEG-2 compression technology to enable the
storage of 17G bytes of data on the same size CD.

1) 7 times the storage capacity of the conventional CD
    Minimized the track pitch and pit size to 1/2 of conventional CD.
    Uses red laser with short-wavelenght of 650nm (635nm).

 DVD Vs. CD-ROM

                                   DVD
                                                                    CD-ROM
                      Single-Layer       Dual-Layer
Laser Wavelength             650nm (635nm)                           780nm
   Track Pitch                    0.75um                              1.6um
  Disc Diameter                                        120mm
 Disc Thickness              1.2 (0.6 x 2) mm                        1.2mm
  Linear Velocity       3.49m/s            3.84m/s                 1.2 ~ 1.4m/s


2) Disc Formats
   DVD consists of two 0.6mm discs attached together, enabling access to the upper and lower side of the disk,
   and 4 sides could be used at maximum.


                       Single Layer : 4.7GByte                                     Dual Layer : 8.5GByte
                                          Label                                                      Label
                                          Polycarbonate                                              Polycarbonate
                                                                                                     Reflective layer
                                          Bonding layer
                                                                                                     Bonding layer
                                          Reflective layer                                           Semi-reflective layer
                                                Polycarbonate                                        Polycarbonate


                  Dual Side Single Layer : 9.5GByte                           Dual Side Dual Layer : 17GByte
                                                Polycarbonate                                        Polycarbonate
                                                                                                    Semi-reflective layer
                                                Reflective layer                                    Reflective layer
                                                Bonding layer                                       Bonding layer
                                                                                                    Reflective layer
                                                Reflective layer                                    Semi-reflective layer
                                                Polycarbonate                                       Polycarbonate


Samsung Electronics                                                                                                          2-1
Reference Information


2-1-2 DVD Types

      FORMAT                 TYPE                                            APPLICATIONS

  DVD-Video              Playback Only     High quality image and sound for movies and other video media.

  DVD-ROM                  Read Only       Multi-functional, multi-midia software that requires large storage capacity.

  DVD-Audio              Playback Only     High quality sound that exceeds the CD, multi-channel Audio.

      DVD-R             1 Time Recording   Storage media for the computer.

  DVD-RAM                 Rewritable       Data access/storage media for the computer.




2-2                                                                                                             Samsung Electronics
                                                                                                           Reference Information


2-2 DVD-Video Fromat
2-2-1 Main Features

1) Able to store up to 160 minutes of Movie by utilizing the MPEG-2 compression technology. ( Aver. 133min.)

2) Enables more than 500 lines of horizontal resolution. (Class corresponding to the Master Tapes used in
   broadcasting stations)

3) Provides Dolby Digital 5.1ch Surround 3D sound, which enables theater quality sound (NTSC area).
    For PAL areas, 1 of either MPEG-2 Audio or Dolby Digital must be selected.

4) Multi-Language
    Able to store up to 8 languages of dubbing.
    Able to store up to 32 subtitle languages.

5) Milti-Aspect Ratio
   3TV Mode alternatives ; 16:9 Wide Screen (DVD Basic)/4:3 Pan & Scan/Letter Box.

6) Multi-Story
   Possible to implement Interactive Viewing which enables the user to select the scenario.

7) Multi-Angle
   Able to view the camera angle you selected among the scenes recorded with multiple camera angles.

Note ; The above media features must have the DVD Title that contains the appropriate contents to function
       properly.


2-2-2 Audio & Video Specifications

           Classification                               DVD-Video                        Video-CD                   LD

                  Compression                            MPEG-2                            MPEG-1
                                                                                                                 Analog
                        Pixel                           720 x 480                         352 x 240

               Horizontal resolution               Max. 500 Lines                      Max. 250 Lines       Max.420 Lines
   VIDEO
                Compression rate                          1/40                              1/140
                                                                                                                 Analog
               Transmission speed              Max. 9.8Mbps (variable)                 1.15Mbps (fixed)

                      TV aspect                         16:9 / 4:3                           4:3                    4:3

                        Audio                      Max. 8 streams                        2CH stereo            2 Analog CH.
                                                                                                                2 Digital CH.
                                                                                                              (16Bit/44.1KHz)
                  Recording type        Dolby Digital                Linear PCM        MPEG-1 Layer 2
                                                                                                                     or
  AUDIO        Transmission rate       448Kbps/stream            6.144Mbps/stream         224Kbps
                                                                                                                1 Analog CH.
                       Channel          5.1CH/stream                 8CH/stream              2CH          1 Stream of Dolby Digital
                                                                                                                 2 Digital CH.
               Sampling frequency          48KHz             16, 20, 24Bit/48, 96KHz    16Bit/44.1KHz          (16Bit/44.1KHz)




Samsung Electronics                                                                                                                   2-3
Reference Information


2-2-3 Detailed Feature

      DVD-Video Feature 1             When Developing the DVD Software, various addition and modification is possible.


As the storage capacity increases, the DVD-Video separates the main data and the additional data such as the
Multi-Function into different data areas, enabling the control of time-data ratio to provide the format that enables
the flexible Software development

 1 Movie (3.5Mbps)
 + Subtitle (1 Language)
 + Surround Audio (1 Language)
 = 160min storage (4.673Gbytes)

 1 Movie (3.5Mbps)
 + Subtitle (4 Language)
 + Surround Audio (4 Language)
 = 160min storage (4.680Gbytes)

 1 Music Video (4Mbps)
 + 2ch High quality Audio (96kHz/24bit)
 = 72min storage (4.648Gbytes)



      DVD-Video Feature 2             Application of the MPEG-2 compression technology.


DVD-Video uses the variable compresion technology, the MPEG-2 to compress the moving image optimally, mini-
mizing the Data loss to Provide a clear, natural screen while increasing the storage time.



                         MPEG-2 (Variable compression : Max. 1/40)                          Amount of data
                          Field unit compression.
                          Compression rate change according to the amount of Data.
      DVD-Video           Differentiates the still image anf the moving image
                          compression rete, reducing Data loss and enables
                          efficient compression.                                                                    Time


                                                                                                              Loss area
                         MPEG-1 (Fixed compression : Max. 1/140)                            Amount of data
                          Frame unit compression.
      Video-CD            Compresses all data using the same ratio.

                        - Fast movements are jagged, and unnatural
                                                                                                                   Time




2-4                                                                                                     Samsung Electronics
                                                                                            Reference Information


    DVD-Video Feature 3           High quality surround audio.


DVD-Video can store the audio using the 5.1ch Dolby Digital compression or the advanced Liner PCM method,
providing the better-than-CD quality and theater like audio quality.

 Dolby Digital (AC-3)
  Unlike the traditional Dolby pro-Logic method, the Dolby Digital method separates all 5 main channels
   (Front L/R, Center, Surround (Rear) L/R)and the Sub woofer to provide live surround audio.
  Using the Down Mix method, the conventional Dolby Pro-Logic and Stereo are all compatible.
  Each separated channels are played back at CD quality sound. (Frequency band: 20Hz ~ 20KHz)

 Linear PCM (Pulse Code Modulation)
  Provides the high quality Digital sound without the audio data compression.
  Various Digital Recordings are possible as shown in the table to the right.


   Sampling Frequency       Bit Rate
                                16bit
           48KHz                20bit
                                24bit
                                16bit
           96KHz                20bit
                                24bit


 Dolby Digital compatible Audio Mode

                                   Channel Format
Audio Coding
                          Front                     Surround (Rear)   Remark
    Mode
                      L     C            R           L           R
     1/0                    O                                          Mono
     2/0              O                  O                             Stereo
     3/0              O     O            O
     2/1              O                  O               Mono
     3/1              O     O            O               Mono         Surround
     2/2              O                  O           O           O
     3/2              O     O            O           O           O




Samsung Electronics                                                                                          2-5
Reference Information


      DVD-Video Feature 4         Multi-Language


 Audio Dubbing - Max. 8 Languages
 Subtitle - Max. 32 Languages. Capable of storing, and selectiong.
 Linear PCM (Pulse Code Modulation)



      DVD-Video Feature 5         Multi-Aspect


 Unlike the conventional VCD or LD, DVD-Video has the default of 16:9 Wide, and can be viewed using the
 conventional 4:3 TV, enabling the expansion of viewer selection capabilities.

    16 : 9 TV : Wide Mode (16:9 Wide Full Screen)
    4 : 3 TV : Letter Box Mode, Pan & Scan Mode




        16:9 Wide                       4:3 Pan & Scan                                 4:3 Letter Box

Note ; Only enable to be worked correctly by an appropriate data supported this function in Disc.



      DVD-Video Feature 6         Multi-Angle


 Up to 9 angles of view may be stored, enabling the viewer to select a specific viewpoint at a given time.
 --> Especially, for the Music Video and Sports Title, this provides a more lively image of the scene.




Note ; Only enable to be worked correctly by an appropriate data supported this function in Disc.



2-6                                                                                                 Samsung Electronics
                                                                                                  Reference Information


    DVD-Video Feature 7           Multi-Story


 DVD-Video provides the enviroment suitable for the bi-directional Software develoment, providing multiple
 scenarios. This feature enables the Multi-Story function.



          OPTION                  Parental Lock


 For the titles that are not suitable for children viewing, Parental Locks are set, requesting user defined
 passwords for viewing
 Parential Locks may be set on specific frames of the Title, enabling the player to skip those frames during
 playback.




        COPYRIGHT                 Regional Code & Macrovision


 Classify the world into 6 regions, and if the DVD Title and the Player's "Reginal Code" do not agree, playback
 is prohibited.

 Regionnal Coding is optional for the Soft developers (Region 0 All Code), but the Hardware developers
 must adopt the appropriate regionnal code for sale.

   Region 1 : The United States and its territories, Canada.
   Region 2 : Europe, Japan, Greenland, Egypt, South Africa, the Middle East.
   Region 3 : Taiwan, Hongkong, Korea, South East Asia.
   Region 4 : Mexico, South America, Australia, New Zealand.
   Region 5 : Russia, Eastern Europe, India, Africa.
   Region 6 : China.
   Region 0 : Worldwide (All Code)



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                  OE


                                                



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