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GC28-2045-1_Time_Sharing_System_PLI_Language_Reference_Manual


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                                                   File No. S360-29
                                                   Order GC28-2045-1   TSS




Systems Reference Library




IBM System/360 Time Sharing System
PL/I Language Reference Manual

   This publication is a companion volume t.o IBM
System/360 Time Sharing System: PL/I Programmer's
Guide, Order GC28-2049. Together the two books form a
guide to the writing and execution of PL/I programs
under the control of an IBM System/360 'rime Sharing
System that includes the PL/I compiler.
                                                                                   PREFACE




   This publication is planned for use as a    RECOMMENtED PUBLICATIONS
reference book by the PL/I user.   It is not
intended to be a tutorial publication, but
is designed for the reader who already has        The following publications contain other
a knowledge of the language and who            information that might be valuable to the
requires a source of reference material.       PL/I user or to a user who is learning
                                               PL/I:
   It is divided into two ~arts. Part I
contains discussions of concepts of the
language. Part II contains detailed rules         IBM SYGtem/360 Time Sharing System:
and syntactic desc.riptions.                         PL/I Programmer's Guide, Form
                                                     GC28-2049              ~
   Although implementation information is
included, the book is not a complete
description of any implementation                A pL/r Primer, Form GC28-680B
environment. In general, it contains
information needed in writing a program; it      A Guide to PL/I for Commercial
does not contain all of the information             Programmers, Forn. GC20-1651
required to execute a Frogram. For further
information on executing a program refer to      A Guide tc PL/I for FORTRAN Users, Form
the publication:   IBM System/360 Time              GC20-1637
Sharing System:   PL/I Progranlmer's Guide.
Form GC28-201.19.                                 The following publication contains a
                                               description of the IBM System/360 Time
   The features discussed in this              Sharing System:
publication correspond to thOSE implemented
in tne fifth version of the PL/I (F)              IBM System/360 Time Sharing system:
Compiler in Release 18 of IBM System/360             Concerts and Facilities, Form
Operating System.                                    GC28-2003




                                                                                         iii
                                            CONTENTS




INTRODUCTION                                       1

PART I: CONCEPTS OF PL/I                           3

SECTION 1: BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PL/I           5
Machine Independence                               5
Program Structure                                  5
Data Types and Data Description                    5
Default Assumptions                                5
Storage Allocation                                 6
Expressions                                        6
Data collections                                   6
Input and Output                                   6
Compile-Time Operations                            7
Interruption Activities                            7
Multitasking                                       7

SECTION 2: PROGRAM ELE~ENTS                        8
Character Sets                                     8
  60-Character Set                                 8
  48- Character Set                                8
  Using the Chara,cter Set                         8
    Identifiers                                    9
    The Use of Blanks                             10
    Conunents                                     10
Basic Program Structure                           10
  Simple and compound Statements                  10
    Statment Prefixes                             11
  Groups and Blocks                               11

SECTION 3: DATA ELEMENTS                          13
Data Types                                        13
Problem Lata                                      13
  Arithmetic Data                                 13
    Decimal Fixed-Point Data                      14
    Sterling Fixed-Point Data                     15
    Binary Fixed-Point Data                       15
    Decimal Floating-Point Data                   15
    Binary Floating-Point Data                    16
    ccmplex Arithmetic Data                       16
    Numeric Character Data                        17
    Precision cf Arithmetic Constants             18
  String Data                                     18
    Character-String Data                         18
    Bit-string Data                               20
Program Control Data                              20
  L3bel Data                                      20
  Event Data                                      21
  Task Data                                       21
  Locator Data                                    21
  Area Data                                       21
Data Organization                                 21
  Arrays                                          22
    Expressions as Subscripts                     23
    Cross Sections of Arrays                      23
  Structures                                      23
    Qualified Names                               24
  Arrays of stru~tures                            25
Other Attributes                                  25
    The DEFl"I::D Attribute                       25
    The LIK~ Attricute                            26
    'fhe ALIGNED and UNALIGNED Attributes         26


                                                   v
     The INITIAL Attribute.                                                                                    



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