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          G421-9194-3




          IBM 3741
          Models 3 and 4
          Programmable  Work Station
          Programming Rebrenc,e
Systems   Manual




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Preface




T h i s m a n u a li s p r i m a r i l yi n t e n d e df o r r n a r k e t i n g e p r e s e n t -
                                                                                r                                                       Related Publications
a t i v e s ,s y s t e m s n g i n e e r sp r o g r a m m e r sa n d o p e r a t o r sw h o
                          e               ,                      ,
d e a lw i t h t h e I B M 3 7 4 1 M o d e l s3 a n c j4 p r o g r a m m a b l e                                                       .    IBM 3741 Models 3 and 4 Programmattle Work Station,
W o r k S t a t i o n . T h e r e a c k - srh o u l d b e f a m i l i a r w i t h d a t a p r o -
                                            '                                                                                               General ln formation, GA2 1-9196.
c e s s i n g o n c e p t sa n d t h , : o p e r a t i o no f t h e I B M 3 7 4 1 M o d e l s
            c
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   and 2 Data Station.                                                                                                                 .    IBM 3741 Data Station Operator's Gude. GA21 9131.

The manualisdivided into the following chapters:                                                                                       .    IBM 3741 Data Station ReferenceManual. GA21 9183.

Chapter l. lntroductio,r providesgeneral information about                                                                             .    IBM 3741 Models 3 and 4 Programmaltle Work Station
t h e o v e r a l l s t r u c t u r ea n t l n e w f u n c t r o n so f t h e w o r k s t a t i o n                                         R eference Card, GX21 -92O4.
andthe ACL (application ontrollanguage).      c
                                                                                                                                            The real nleasure... A Prograntmer's,Desigrr  C:uideto
Chapter 2. Referencell\aterial provides specific informa-
                                                                                                                                            tlte IBM 3741 Models 3 ancl 4 Progran',,nable ll/ork
t i o n a b o u t t h e c o n t r o l : t a t e m e n t sa n d i n s t r u c t i o n so f A C L
                                                                                                                                            S t a t i o n s ,G A 2 1 - 9 2 2 5 .
u s e d i n p r o g r a m m i n gt h e w o r k s t a t i o n .

                                                                                                                                            A Programmers lntroduction to the Application Control
Chapter 3. Design and lrnplernentation Considerations pro-
                                                                                                                                            L a n g u a g eG 4 2 1 - 9 1 9 5 .
                                                                                                                                                           ,
v i d e sd e t a i l e d i n f o r m a t i o n a n d e x a m p l e sr r f A C L u s e d i n d e ,
s i g n i n ga n d i r n p l e m e n t i r r g p p l i c a t i o np r o g r a m s .
                                              a
                                                                                                                                            Application Control Language Support Logic Alanual,
                                                                                                                                            sY21-9203.
C h a p t e r4 . 3 7 4 1 O p e r e ' t i o t p r o v i d e sr n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t
                                                 r
o p  r a t o r p r o c e c l u r ea n r l i n t e r a c t i o nw i t h t h e w o r k s t a t i o n .
                                  s
                                                                                                                                        a   IBM 3740 BTAM/TCAM Prograntner'sGuide,
A p p e n d ix e s p r o v i d ed e l a i l e d s u p p l e m e n t a r yi n f o r m a t i o n .                                            GC21-5071.




 F o u r t h E d i t i o n ( O c t o b , r r1 9 7 7 )

 This is a major revision oi, and obsoletesGA21-9194                                             2 and Technical Newsletter
GN21-0244.               Changesare irrdicatedbV a vertical tifieat the left of the change; new or
e x t e n s r v e l Vr e v t s e d i l l u s t r a t i o n s a r e d e n o t e d b y a b u l l e t ( o ) a t t h e l e f t o f t h e f i g u r e
caotron.


C h a n g e s a r e p e r i o d i c a l l y t r a d e t o t h e i n f o r r n a t i o n h e r e i r r ;a n y s u c h c h a n g e s w i l l b e
reported in subsequent revisionsor technrcal newsletlers.


 R e q u e s t s f o r c t > p t e s f l B l r i l p u b l i c a t i o n s s h o u l d t l e m a d  t o v o u r l 8 M r e p r e s e n t a t i v eo r
                                    o
to the IBM branch office servingyour locality.


A Readers'Comment                    Forrr is at tne back of this publication. lf the form has been
 r e m o v e d , a d d r e s sy o u r c o r n m e n t s t o I B M C o r p o r a t i o n , P u b l i c a t i o n s , D e p a r t m e n t 2 4 5 ,
 Rochester, Minnesota 559'J1 .


OCopyright             f n t e r n a t i o n a l [ ] u s i n e s sM a c h i n e : C ) o r p o r a t i o n , j 9 7 4 . ^ , 9 7 S . j g l 7
                                                                                                                                                                                              Contents




CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION                                                                           1     S EL F . C HE C K
    C r e a t i n ga S o u r c e P r o g r a m                                                    1        C o l u m n s 1 - 1 1 C o n t r o l S t a t e m e n tN a m e ( R ) .                              Itr
    3741 Models3 and 4 Architecture                                                                        C o l u m n s1 3 1 5 M o d u l u s1 R )                                                           15
A C L P r o g r a mO p e r a t i o n                                                              4        C o l u m n s 8 - 1 9D i g i t P o s i t i o n O )
                                                                                                                        1                                 (                                                  t 5
    Branching                                                                                     4        C o l u m n s2 3 - 2 5 A l g o r i r h m C o n t r o l                                            15
    D a t a S e t A c c e s sM e t h o d s                                                                 C o l u m n 2 4 S u m M a n i p u l a t i o n( O )                                                16
    Table Operations                                                                              4        C o l u m n 2 5 C o m p l e m e n t{ O )                                                         16
    S e l f - C h e c kn g
                      i                                                                           5        C o l u m n s2 8 - 3 0 D i g i r l / O C o n t r o l                                             16
    Displayand Keyboard                                                                                    C o l u m n s3 3 - 3 4 I n p u t T r a n s t a t e a b l e B u f f e r N u m b e r ( O ) .
                                                                                                                                                               T                                            17
    Reformatting and Editing                                                                      q
                                                                                                           C o l u m n s3 8 - 3 9 P r o d u c tT a b l e B u f f e r N u m b e r ( O )                      17
                                                                                                           C o l u r n n s4 3 - 4 4 O u t p u t T r a n s l a t eT a b l e B . u f f e rN u m b e r ( O )   18
C H A P T E R2 . R E F E R E N C E A T E R I A L
                                             M                                                6            C o l u r n n s 8 6 3 W e i g h t i n gF a c t o r s( O )
                                                                                                                           4                                                                                18
Control Statements                                                                                tt       C o l u m n 6 8 W e i g h r i n gF a c t o r sR e g i s t e r O )
                                                                                                                                                                          (                                 19
.NAME                                                                                         6            Self-Check xamples E                                                                             19
    C o l u m n s1 - 5 C o n t r o l S t a t e m e n tN a m e ( R )                           6            M o d u l u s7                                                                                   '19
   C o l u m n s 1 3 - 1 6 P r o g r a mN a m e ( O )                                         b        , RE GI S TE R                                                                                       20
   C o l u m n s1 8 - 1 9 P r o g r a mO r i g i r rB u f f e r ( R )                         o            C o l u m r r s - 9 C o n t r o l S t a t e m e n tN a m e ( R )
                                                                                                                           1                                                                                20
   C o l u m n 2 3 P r i n t e rT y p e ( R )                                                              C o l u n r r r1 3 [ : l e g t s t eN a m e ( R )
                                                                                                                                               r
                                                                                                  I                                                                                                         20
   C o l u m n s2 8 - 3 OP r i n t F o r m S i z e ( O )                                      7            C o l u m n s 1 8 - 3 3 R e g i s t e r o n t e n t s( R )
                                                                                                                                                    C                                                       20
   C o i u m n s3 3 - 3 5 P r i n t e rO v e r fl o w L r n e N u m b e r ( O )               7        .BUFFIR                                                                                              21
   C o l u m n s 3 8 - 4 OD e c i m a l a n d C o m n r a n d E d i t C o n t r o l { O }     7            C o l u m n s 1 7 C o n t r o l S t a t e m e n tN a m e ( R )                                   21
   C o l u m n s4 3 - 4 4 E d i t C u r r e n c yC h a r a c t e r sO )
                                                                     (                        1            C o l u r n n s 3 l 5 B u t { e rN u m b e r( R )
                                                                                                                           1                                                                                21
   C o l u m n 4 8 P r o m p t i n gR e g i s t e r O )
                                                    (                                         7            Designated ulfer Load (R)
                                                                                                                             B                                                                              21
   C o l u m n 5 3 P r o o f K e y b o a r d( O )                                             7        ,FOt]MAT                                                                                             22
   C o l u m n s 5 4 - 5 5 K e y b o a r d D e s i g n a t i o n( O )                         7            C o l u m n s 1 - 7 C o n t r o l S t a t e m e n tN a m e ( R )                                 22
   C o l u m n 5 8 M a c h i n eS i z e ( O ) ' .                                             1            C o l u m n s1 3 ' 1 5 N u m b e r i R )                                                         22
   C o l u m n s6 3 - 7 0 l n t e r m e d i a r e a t a S e t N a m e ( O )
                                                 D                                            7            C o l u r n n s1 8 - 2 0 C h a r a c t e r o s i t i o n( O )
                                                                                                                                                     P                                                      22
   C o l u m n7 1 D r i v eN u m b e r ( O ) .                                                8            Colrrrnn 3 Character O)
                                                                                                                         2                       {                                                          22
   C o l u m n s7 3  0 O b . i e c t a t a S e l N a m e ( O )
                                       D                                                      R            C o l u r n n2 8 S e c o n dR e c o r d ( O )                                                    22
   C o l u m n8 1 D r i v eN u m b e r ( O )                                                              Data ilirected Formatting
                                                                                              d
                                                                                                                                                                                                            23
.DATASET                                                                                      I           F o r m a i l i n qB l o c k e dR e c o r o s                                                     23
     C o l u m n s 1 - 8 C o n t r o l S t a t e m e n tN a m e ( R )                         o           F o r m a t t i n gR e c o r d sG r e a t e rT h a n 1 2 8 C h a r a , c t e r s                  23
     C o l u m n 1 3 D a t aS e t N u m b e r ( R )                                          8            Edrtrng                                                                                           1a
     C o l u m n s1 8 - 2 5 D a t a S e t N a m e ( R )                                      B            Data Movement                                                                                     25
     Columns 28-30 Record Length (O)                                                         B          FIELD                                                                                               25
     C o l u m n3 3 D r i v eN u m b e r ( R ) .                                             8            C o l u m n s 1 - 6 C o n t r o l S r a t e m e n tN a m e ( R )                                  z5
     Columns 38-39 Data Set Input/Output Buf fer ( R )                                       I            C o l u m n s1 3 ' 1 4 B u ff e r ( R )                                                           25
     C o l u m n s4 8 - 5 1 D e l e t e dR e c o r d R o u t r n e( O )                      I            C o l u n r n si 8 - 1 9 O v e r f l o w B u f J e r( O )                                         25
     C o l u m n s5 3 - 5 6 E n d - o f - F i l e o u t i n e ( O )
                                                  R                                          9            C o l u n r n2 3 F i e l c l y p e ( R ) .
                                                                                                                                     T                                                                      26
     C o l u m n s5 8 - 6 0 T y p e ( R )                                                   10            C o l u m n s2 4 - 2 5 F i e l d L e n g t h ( R )                                                zo
     C o l u m n6 1 E x t e n t C h e c k( O )                                              13            Cclumn 28 DataDisposirion R)                  (                                                   26
     C o l u m n s6 3 - 6 4 I n d e x L e n g t h ( O )                                     13            C o l u r n n2 9 F i e l c l h a r n i n g O )
                                                                                                                                     C               (                                                      26
     C o l u m n s6 8 - 6 9 T r a c k s / l n d e x O )
                                                    (                                       13            C o l u r n n3 O E x i t C o n t r o l ( O )                                                      27
     C o l u m n s7 3 - 7 4 K e V L e n q t h ( O )                                                       C o l u m n s3 3 ' 3 5 D a t a P o s i t i o n( R )                                               2a
     C o l u m n s7 8 - 8 0 K e y P o s i t i o n( O )                                      13            C o l u r n n3 6 S p e c i a lK e y b o a r dC l o s e( O )                                       28
     Columns 3-100.
                  8                                                                         13           C , , l u n r n3 8 1 0 5
                                                                                                                        s                                                                                   28
     C o l u m n s8 3 - 8 4 I n d e x O r i g i n B u f f e r ( O )                         I J        ,END                                                                                                 2A
     C o l u m n s8 8 - 9 0 I n d e x S t a r t P o s i t i o n{ O )                        1 a          C o l u m n s 1 - 4 C o n t r o l S t a t e m e n tN a m e ( R )                                   2A
     C o l u m n s9 3 - 9 4 I n d e x E n d B u f f e r ( O )                               14           C o l u n r n 1 3 O o e r a t i n gM o d e ( O )                                                   28
     C o l u m n s9 8 - 1 0 0 I n d e x E n d P o s i t i o n( O ) .                        14            C o l u m n s 1 t 32 5 i n p u t / O u t p u r D a t a S e t N a m e ( O )                        28
, P RI N T E R                                                                              1 A
                                                                                                          C o l u r n n2 6 D r i v e N u m b e r ( O )                                                      29
     C o l u m n s 1 - 8 C o n t r o l S t a r e m e n tN a m e ( R )                                     C o l u m n s2 8 - 3 5 O u r p u t D a t a S e t o r P r o g r a mt r l a m e O )
                                                                                                                                                                                       (                    29
     C o l u m n 1 3 P r i n t e rT y p e ( R )                                             14            C o l u m n 3 6 D r i v eN u m b e r                                                              29
     C o l u m n s 1 8 - 2 0 L i n e sP e r P a g e( O )                                    14         Instructrons                                                                                         29
     C o l u m n s2 3 - 2 5 O v e r f l o w L i n e ( O )                                   t4            Arrthrlretic perations
                                                                                                                            O                                                                               29
     C o l u m n s2 8 - 3 0 C h a r a c t e r P e r L - i n e R )
                                                s             (                                           tsranchinOperations
                                                                                                                           g                                                                                JJ
     C o l u m n s3 3 - 3 4 P r i m a r yB u f f e r ( R )                                  15            D i s p l a ya n d K e y b o a r dO p e r a t i o n s.                                            40
     C o l u m n s3 8 - 3 9 S e c o n d a r y u f f e r 1 O )
                                                B                                           1 R           Diskette perations,
                                                                                                                        O                                                                                   41
     C o l u m n s4 3 - 4 6 P r i n t e rO v e r fl o u r R o u t i n e ( O )               15            P r i n t e rO p e r a l l o n s                                                                  46



                                                                                                                                                                                                             iii
I n s t r u c t i o n s( c o n t i n u e d l                                                         CHAPTER 4. 3741 OPERATION                                                                 96
      Table Operations                                                                         47    I n i t i a t i n g T r a n s l a t i o nw i t h t h e L a b e l P r o c e s s o r        96
       lnternal Data MovementOperations                                                        51            Base Pass                                                                         96
      M i s c e l l a n e o u sn s t r u c t i o n s
                                l                                                              58            Pass1                                                                             96
Communications.                                                                                o l          Pass2 .                                                                            96
       B i n a r y S y n c h r o n o u sC o n r m u n i c a t i o n .                          61           Pass3 .                                                                            vb
       E x p a n d e d C o m m u n i c a t i ( ) n sF e a t u r e                              62            Label Processor nput Data Set  I                                                    96
      U n a t t e n d e d A C L P r o g r a r nM o d e a f t e r C o m m u n i c a t i o n s   62            Label Processor utput         O                                                     98
      Communication Mode lrom an ACL Program                                                   62            Label Processor Error Messages                                                   100
                                                                                                            ACL Label Processor onfigurator         C                                         101
CHAPTER 3. DESIGN ANT) IMPLEMENTATION
                                                                                                     I n i t i a t i n g T r a n s l a t i o nw i t h o u t L a b e l P r o c e s s o r       102
 CONSIDERATIONS                                                                                64    ProgramExecution                                                                         103
Considerationsor Efficient Key Entry Programs
                          f                                                                    64           Communications
                                                                                                                                                                                              '|03
S t o r a g eA l l o c a t i o n a n d R e q r " r e m e n t s
                                                 i                                             65    P r o g r a mD e b u g g i n g                                                           104
     T r a n s l a t o r S t o r a g eA s s i g rm e n r s                                     66         Step Trace                                                                          104
     S t o r a g eR e q u i r e m e n t s                                                      bb          R e g i s t e rT r a c e                                                            104
Eff icient Useof Work Station Storage                                                          68         Step Stop                                                                            104
     Using Operator Messages                                                                   68                                                                                              'l04
                                                                                                          S i n g l eS t e p T r a c e
      UsingTables .                                                                            68         Trace Output                                                                        104
      Using the Key Indexed Access Method                                                      70         S e l e c t i n gT r a c e                                                          105
      P r o v i d i n gO p e r a t o r E r r o r C o r r e c t i o n                           70         Program Restart .                                                                   105
O p e r a t o r D o c u m e n t a t i o n ,T r a i n i n g . a n d T e s t i n g               73         C u s t o m e r D i a g n o s t i cD i s k e t t e                                  105
      Operator Documentation                                                                   73    S t o r a g eD u m p s                                                                   106
      OperatorTraining                                                                         75          Unformatted Display Dump                                                           107
     Application Debugging .                                                                   75         H e x a d e c i m a lD i s p l a y                                                  107
      Add itional Documentation                                                                7q
                                                                                                          Formatted Display Dump                                                              108
Data Set Access Methods                                                                        75         Printer Dump                                                                        108
      Sequential Access Metho,l                                                                75         Disk Dump                                                                           109
      Relative Record Number Access Method                                                     77
      Key Indexed Access Metlrod                                                               79    APPENDIX A. INDICATORS                                                                   11O
      Index or Label Access Mothod                                                             81      Keyboard Indicators                                                                    1'11
Blocking and Deblockingof Logical Records                                                      83      IndicatorsWithinaFunction-SelectedSecuence                                             113
Multiple Diskette Data Sets                                                                    85      I n d i c a t o r sS e t b y D a t a M o v e m e n t .                                 113
C u r r e n t F i l e D i s k A d d r e s s( C ; F D A )                                       85
P r o g r a m m i n gH i n t s                                                                 a7    APPENDIX TRANSLATOBERRORMESSAGES
                                                                                                                B.                        .                                                   114
     Control Program                                                                           87             Error Formats
                                                                                                     Translator                                                                               114
     . F l E L D C o n t r o l S t a t e m en t                                                87                                                                                             114
                                                                                                     Messages StopTranslation
                                                                                                            That            Appear Line 1
                                                                                                                                 on
     Keyboard Indicator .                                                                      87    M e s s a g eT h a t D o N o t S t o p T r a n s l a t i o n A p p e a r o n L i n e 6
                                                                                                                  s                                                                           114
Programmng Restrictions
                i                                                                              88                                                                                             115
                                                                                                         Control StatementMessages
     Tables                                                                                    88                                                                                             116
                                                                                                         G e n e r a lE r r o r M e s s a g e s
     P r o g r a mO r i g i n B u f f e r                                                      88                                                                                             117
                                                                                                         Warning Error Messages
     Sequence of ACL Source Programs                                                           88
     Display Unit .                                                                            88    APPENDIX C. EXECUTION ERROR CODES, MEANING|S,
     Printer Operations                                                                        89                                                                                             118
                                                                                                      AND OPERATOR RESPONSES
     Arithmetic Operations                                                                     89
     B r a n c h i n gO p e r a t i o n s                                                      89                                                                                             125
                                                                                                     APPENDIX D. SAMPLE PROGRAMS
     Disk Access Methods                                                                       89    SampleProgram1-OrderEntry                                                                125
     Internal Data Movemenl                                                                    89                                                                                             130
                                                                                                     S a m p l e P r o g r a m2 - M a i l i n g L i s t I n q u i r y
     Restricted Areas .                                                                        89        R e g i s t e rU s a g e                                                             132
Program Performance                                                                            90    Sample Program 3-Overlay Program                                                         133
   G e n e r a lC o n s i d e r a t i o n s.                                                   90
   Overlapped | /O-Printer                                                                     90    APPENDIX E. PRINTER LINK (RPOI FEATURE                                                   137
   Overlapped l/O-KeyboarrJ                                                                    91
                                                                                                     SampleProgram.                                                                           139
   Disk/Data Set Procedurer;                                                                   91
   Program Load of Index I'able for Key Indexed Data Set                                       91
                                                                                                     fNDEX                                                                                    141
   Record Access                                                                               92
   Execution Timing                                                                            92
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IBM 3741 ProgrammableWork Station
                                                                                                                                                               Chapter1. Introduction




T h e I B M 3 7 4 1 M r t d e l s3 a n d 4 P r o g r a m m a b l e o r k S t a t i o n
                                                                                W                          T h e 3 7 4 ' l M o d e l s3 a n d 4 P r o g r a m n i a b l e o r k S t a t i o n h a s
                                                                                                                                                                               W
s u b s t a n t i a l l y n c r r : a s eh e d a t a e n t r y c a p a b i l i t i e s f t h e b a s i c
                        i               t                                            o                     a l l t h e s ef u n c t i o n si n a d c l i t i o n o t h e J u n c t i i ) n n o w a v a i l a b l e
                                                                                                                                                               t                           s
3 7 4 0 s y s t e m . S i g n i f i c a n ta d d i t i o n a l f u n c t i o n s b e y o n d t h e         with the 3741 Models 1 and2 Data Station. The work sta-
s c o p eo f t h e I B M 3 7 4 1 M o d e l s 1 a n d 2 D a t a S t a t i o n a r e p r o -                 t i o n i s a l s oc o m p a t i b l ew i t h a l l o p t i o n a l f e a l u r e sc u r r e n t l y
v i d e d t h r o u g h a p r o g r a m m i n gf a c i l i t y c a l l e dA C L ( a p p l i c a t i o n    a v a i l a b l e i t h t h e d a t a s t a t i o n .W h e n n o t o F r e r a t i n g n d e r
                                                                                                                           w                                                                      u
c o n t r o l l a n g u a g e ) .T h e n o n c o m m u n i c a t i n g 7 4 1 M o d e l 3
                                                                        3                                  A C L p r o g r a m c o n t r o l , t h e w o r k s t a t i o n f u n r : t i o n se x a c t l y
p r o v i d e sf u n c t i o n s b e y o n d t h o s e o l t h e c o r r e s p o n d i n g                 like the data station.
3 7 4 1 M o d e l 1 , w h i l e t h e c o m m u n i c a t i n g3 7 4 1 M o d e l 4 p r o -
v i d e s f u n c t i o n sb e y o n d t h o s e o f t h e c o r r e s p o n d i n g 7 4 1
                                                                                   3                       A n o p t i o n a l A C L t r a n s l a t o rf e a t u r e ,w h i c h l r a n s l a t e s o d e d
                                                                                                                                                                                                      c
M o d e l2 .                                                                                               A C L s o u r c ep r o g r a m si n t o m a c h i n e - r e a d a b lo b j e c t c o d e , i s
                                                                                                                                                                                         e
                                                                                                           a v a i l a b l e T h e A C L t r a n s l a t o rf e a t u r e i s o n l l r r g q u i r s 6e .
                                                                                                                             .
T h e w o r k s t a t i o n p r o v i d e sp r o g r a m m a b l e u n c t i o n sw h i c h
                                                                 f                                         t h o s e w o r k s t a t i o n sb e i r r gu s e dt o g e n e r a t e b j e c t - l e v ep r o -
                                                                                                                                                                                   o                     l
c a n b e a d a p t e dt c n e w d a t a e n t r y a p p l i c a t i o n s o r b e u s e dt o
                                                                           ,                               g r a m s . T h e s eo b j e c t - l e v e p r o g r a m sc a n t h e n b e e x e c u t e do n
                                                                                                                                                       l
i m p r o v e p r o c e s s i r ro f e x i s t i n gi o b s .
                                 g                                                                         w o r k s t a t i o n sa t r e m o t e l o c a t i o n s( F i g u r e 1 ) . B o t h t h e
                                                                                                           p r i n t e r a n d s e c o n dd i s k f e a t u r e s r e p r e r e q u i s i t e f o r t h e
                                                                                                                                                                 a                             s
T h e w o r k s t a t i o n p r o v i d e st h e f o l l o w i n g n e w f u n c t i o n s :               A C L t r a n s l a t o rf e a t u r e . W o r k s t a t i o n sw i t h t h e A C L t r a n s l a t o r
                                                                                                           f e a t u r es h o u l d a l s o b e e q u i p p e dw i t h , t h eo p t i o n a l 3 7 4 1 r e c o r d
.    Expanded arithmetic f unctions, including add, subtract,                                              i n s e r tf e a t u r e f o r e a s ys o u r c ep r o g r a m m a i n t : e n a n c e .
     m u l t i p l y , a n d r J i v i d e p e r a t i o n s w h i c h e n a b l ea d d i t i o n a l
                                          o                  ,
     f i e l d t o t a l s ,z e r o b a l a n c i n g a n d c r o s s f o o t i n g p e r a l o n s
                                                      ,                            o
                                                                                                           Creating a Source Program
.    D a t a c h e c k i n go p e r a t i o n s ,i n c l u d i n gr a n g ec h e c k i n g ,l i m i t
     c h e c k i n g ,a n d t a b l es e a r c h i n gw h i c h p r o v i d e i m p r o v e -
                                                      ,                                                    A s o u r c ep r o g r a m c o n s i s t s f A C L c o r r t r o ls t a t e m e n t s n d
                                                                                                                                                          o                                          a
     rnents in data itccuracv                                                                              i n s t r u c t i o n s .C o n t r o l s t a t e m e n t s e f i n e t h e p r o g r a m n a m e ,
                                                                                                                                                                    d
                                                                                                           d e f i n e a n d d e s c r i b e h e d a t a s e t sw i t h w h i c h t h e p r o g r a m
                                                                                                                                              t
.   Data manipulation which allows data entered from the                                                   works, definethe data setaccess ethod, provideprinter    m
    k e y b o a r d t o b r l r e f o r m a t t e da c c o r d i n gt o i n s t r u c t i o n s            c o n t r o l i n f o r m a t i o n , a n d d e J i n et h e p r o m p t i n g m e s s a g e n d
                                                                                                                                                                                                        a
    b e f o r e b e i n g w r i t t e n o n t o a d i s k e t t e ,d i s p l a y e d ,o r                  s e l f - c h e c k l g o r i t h m . I n a d d i t i o n , t h e s es t a t e m e n t s p e c i f y
                                                                                                                             a                                                                      s
    p r in t e d                                                                                           d a t a m a n i p u l a t i o nf o r m a t s , c o n s t a n t i n f o r m a t i o n , a n d d e s i g -
                                                                                                           nate the end of the program.
o Additional key'hoard and display functions which allow
  m e s s a g ets b e d i s p l a y e d ,i n c l u d i n g p r o m p t s f o r d a t a
                o                                                                                          T h e s e c o n dt y p e o f p r o g r a ms o u r c ei s i n s t r u c t i o n s . I n s t r u c -
  ent!'V,promptr; for option selection,and prompted                                                        t i o n s s p e c i f y h o w o p e r a t i o n sa r e t o b e re x e c u t e d . I n s t r u c t i o n s
  error correctton                                                                                         c a n i n i t i a t e l / O o p e r a t i o n s ,i n t e r n a ld a t a m c v e m e n t ,
                                                                                                           b r a n c h i n gw i t h i n t h e p r o g r a m ,a n d a r i t h m e t i c o p e r a t i o n s .
o Additional disl:ette access methods which allow orocess-                                                 I n s t r u c t i o n sc a n e i t h e r b c p r e c e d e db y s t e p n u m b e r s ( 0 - 7 6 7 f o r
  i n g o f m u l t i p l e d a t a s e t s ,r e a d i n ga n d w r i t i n g o n t w o                    a 4 K m a c h i n e ,o r 0 - 9 9 9 f o r a n 8 K n r a c h i n e ) r s y m b o l i c l a b e l s
                                                                                                                                                                                       o
  d i s k e t t ed r i v e s ,a n d c r e a t i o na n d m a i n t e n a n c e f d a t a s e t
                                                                               o                            i n t h e f i r s t c o l u m n o n t h e c o d i n g s h e e t . S y r n b o l i cl a b e l sc a n
  i n d e x e st h a t p t o v i d e f a s t a c c e s so o n l i n e d a t a
                                                        t                                                  b e u p t o f o u r c h a r a c t e r so n g , b u t t h e f i r s t c h a r a c t e rm u s t b e
                                                                                                                                                      i
                                                                                                           a l p h a b e t i c "T h e s u c c e e d i n g h a r a c t e r s a n t r e a l p h a b e t i c ,
                                                                                                                                                         c                   c
o Overlappedprrnting which allows the operator to key                                                      n u m e r i c ,o r s y m b o l c h a r a c t e r s .W h e n s y m b o l i c l a b e l sa r e
  d a t a w h i l e d a t a w i t h i n t h e s y s t e mi s b e i n g p r i n t e d b y a n y             u s e d ,t h e t i r s t p h a s eo f t r a n s l a t i o ni s l a b e l p r o c e s s i n gd u r i n g
                                                                                                                                                                                                       ,
  o f t h e a v a i l a b k t r i n t e r sa t t a c h e d
                            p                                                                              w h i c h l a b e l sa r e r e s o l v e d n d c o n v e r t e di n t c )s t e p n u m b e r s .
                                                                                                                                                     a




                                                                                                                                                                                        Introduction
                             I



                                                      A C L C o d i n gS h e e t s
                                                      Control Statements
                                                      Instructons
                                                             i




                                                                                      ,3741             Central
                                                                                       Keyboard         Location
                                                                                                        (With Translator)




                                                                 o
                                                                       o

                         Source                                                                  D iskette
                              I                                                                      t_
                              I
                              I
                              I
                              I
                              I
                              I
                              I
                              t_
                                                              l-]

                                                                  o
                                                                        a


                                                                                     D iskette



Remote
Location
(No
Translator)


                                                                                                             Standard
                                                                                                             Execution
                                                                                                             Function



                                                               Execute


F i g u r e 1 . S t r u r : t u r eo f t h e 3 7 4 1 M o d e l s 3 a n d 4
C o m m e n t sc a n l t e i n c l u d e di n t h e s o u r c ep r o g r a m t o c l a r i f y              t r a n s l a t o rp h a s eo f o p e r a t i o n ,t h e i n s t r u c t i o n sy o u e n t e r a r e
i n s t r u c t i o n s . C o n t r o l s t a t e m e n t s a n b e e n t e r e do n A C L
                                                          c                                                 converted into object code, and a listing of error messages
Control Statements Coding Sheet One and Two, GX21 9200                                                      is always printed out. (See lnitiating Translation With the
a n d G X 2 ' l - 9 2 0 1 . I n s t r u c t i o n sc a n b e e n t e r e do n A C L l n -                   Label Processorin Chapter 4.) Note that, if step numbers
structions Coding Sheet, GX21-9199. These sheets can be                                                     a r e u s e d i n a s o u r c ep r o g r a m ,t h e l a b e l p r o c e s s o p h a s eo f
                                                                                                                                                                                          :
o r d e r e d .b y o r d ' : r n u m b e r , i n p a d so f f i f t y f r o m y o u r I B M                 t r a n s l a t i o nm u s t b e b y p a s s e d .
m a r k e t i n gr e p r e s e n t a t i v e . o r a d e t a i l e dd i s c u s s r o n f c o d -
                                             F                                        o
i n g f o r c o n t r o l s t a t e m e n t s n d i n s t r u c t i o n s s e eC h a p t e r 2 .
                                            a                             ,

                                                                                                                      Regi sters                 I ndicators
                                                                                                                      ( 16 c h a r a c t e r s ) 1
3741 Models 3 trnd 4 Architecture
                                                                                                                      A

T h e s t a n d a r d3 7 ' 4 1M o d e l 3 o r 4 i s s r r u c t u r e ciln a 4 K - b y t e
( K e q u a l s1 0 2 4 ) b u f f e r / r e g i s t e r o n c e p t ( F i q u r e 2 ) . T h e f i r s t
                                                     c
1 0 2 4 b y t e s o f n r e m o r y a r e a l i o c a t e df o r s y s r e mc o n t r o l . T h i s
b l o c k o f m e m o r y a l s o c o n t a i n : ; h e 2 6 g e n e r a lp u r p o s er e g i s t e r s                                                255
                                                     t
( A - Z ) . T h e s e 1 ( i - c h a r a c t erre g i s t e r s r e u s e dt o p e r f o r m a l l                                                             W o r kS t a t i o r r
                                                             a
a r i t h m e t i co p e r a t i o n s , n d c a n a l s o b e s p e c i f e d t o m o v e d a t a
                                         a                                 i                                                                              C o n t r o lP r o g r a n r m i r r g
i n t e r n a l l ya n d t o s t o r e d a t a . T h e i n d i c a t o r t a b l e c o n t a i n s2 5 5
i n d i c a t o r s ;i n d i c a t o r s1 t h r o u g h 9 9 c a n b e a s i g n e d b y t h e
programmer.                                                                                                 1024B u f f e r - 1                       Display lines ,5, 6)
                                                                                                                                                                   (          1
                                                                                                                                      -2
                                                                                                                                      -3
                                                                                                                                                      D i s p l a y( l i n e s2 , 3 , 4 )
                                                                                                                                                      P r in t e r
                                                                                                                                                                                              It',.u
T h e b a l a n c eo f l e a d / w r i t e s t o r a g ei s a l l o c a t e dt o i 2 8 - b y t e
                                                                                                                                      -4              Printer
b u f f e r s ( F i g u r e 2 ) . T h e s eb u f f e r s a r e r e f e r e n c e d u m e r i c a l l y
                                                                                 n
                                                                                                                                      -5              Data set (1)
( 1 - 2 4 l ,i n p r o g r a ms o u r c es t a t e m e n t s .A l t h o u g h b u f f e r 1 a n d
                                                                                                                                      -o              D a t as e t ( 2 )
b u f f e r 2 a r e a s s i g n e do t h e d i s p l a y ,t h e r e m a i n i n gb u f f e r s
                                      t
                                                                                                                                      -7              Tables
can be used to store operator prompting rrressages,                                   keyboard
                                                                                                                                      -8              T a bl e s
c o n t r o l i n f o r m a t i o n , t a b l e sa n d d a t a s e t i n d e x e s , n d o n l i n e
                                                                                   a
disk data sets arrd printer output. (SeeStorage Allocation                                                            Buffer          -9              P r o m p t i n gm e s s a g e s
and Requiremelrts in Chapter 3.)                                                                                                      - 10            P r o m p t i n gm e s s a g e s
                                                                                                                                      -11              lnstructions
A n o p t i o n a l 8 K s t o r a g ef e a t u r e p r o v i d e sa n a d d i t i o n a l 3 2                                         -12              lnstructions                               Variable
g e n e r a lp u r p o s eb u f f e r s ( 1 2 8 b y t e s e a c h ) . T h r o u g h o u t t h i s                                     - 13             Instruclrons                               (u n d e r
manual, any ref,:renceto buffers refers to buffers 1-24 for                                                                             14             |nstructions                                program
4 K o r 1 - 5 6f o r [ ] K . T h e 8 K f e a t u r ea l l o w su p t o g 9 9                                                          -15              Instructions                               rner con-
e x e c u t a b l ei n s t r u c t i o n sw i t h a n i n s t r u c t i o n l e n g t h o f 4 b y t e s .                                  16          |nstructions                               trol)
A l l o t h e r a r e a so f w o r k s t a t i o n a r c h i t e c t u r e( F i g u r e 2 ) a r e
                                                                                                            307 B u f f e r - 1 7
u n c h a n g e d y t l r e f e a t u r e ,e x c e p t t h a t c l a t af o r m a t s a r e
                   b                                                                                                        -18                       Disk indexes
l o a d e ds t a r t i n gi n b u f f e r 5 6 .                                                                             -19                       Diskindexes
                                                                                                                            -20                       Diskindexes
A b a s i c4 K - b y t e p r o g r a mc a n b e t r a n s l a t e da n d e x e c u t e do n                                           - z a 1I        Diskindexes
a w o r k s t a t i o n v r i t h t h e 8 K f e a t u r e . H o w e v e r ,a n 8 K - b y t e                                          -ZZ             Data formats
p r o g r a m c a n n o t b e t r a n s l a t e d r e x e c u t e do n a 4 K w o r k
                                                 o                                                                                    -23             Data formats
station.                                                                                                                              -24             Data formats
                                                                                                            4096                      Read-write torage
                                                                                                                                                S
After you have r:ompleted the coding sheets,and created
a s o u r c ep r o g r a r no n t h e d i s k e t t e v i a t h e 3 7 4 1 k e V b o a r d ,
t h e A C L t r a n s l a t o rf e a t u r ec r e a t e s b j e c t c o d e f r o m y o u r
                                                            o
                           'l-ranslation                                                                    F i g u r e 2 . T y p i c a l A C L P r o g r a mS t r u c t u r e ( 4 K )
codedentries.                                  o c c u r si n t w o d i s t i n c t p h a s e s f
                                                                                                o
o p e r a t i o n ;t h e l a b e l p r o c e s s o r h a s e , n d t h e t r a n s l a t o rp h a s e .
                                                    p           a
D u r i n g t h e l a b e l p r o c e s s o r h a s e ,t h e s y m b o l i c l a b e l st h a t
                                              p
p r e c e d ei n s t r u c t i o n sa r e c o n v e r t e di n t o s t e p n u m b e r sf o r
i n t e r n a l p r o c e s s i n g . h e s o u r c ef i l e l i s t i n go f t h e p r o g r a m c a n
                                    T
a l s ob e p r i n t e d r l u r i n g t h e l a b e l p r o c e s s o r h a s e . D u r i n g t h e
                                                                         p




                                                                                                                                                                                         Introductron
A C L P R O G R A M O P ER A ' ] i I O N                                                                  The sequential or consecutive access                         method requiresthat the
                                                                                                          r e c o r d s( o r 1 2 8 - p o s i t i o ns e c t o r s )b e p r o c e s s e d e q u e r r t i a l l y r
                                                                                                                                                                                        s                      o
A s i n d i c a t e dp r e v i o u s l y , h e w o r k s t a t i o n c o m b i n e st h e c a p a -
                                          t                                                               consecutively,           b a s e do n t h e p h y s i c a ld i s k a d c l r e s s G r v e no n e
                                                                                                                                                                                                .
b i l i t i e so t t h e 3 7 4 1 M o d e l : ,1 a n d 2 D a t a S t a t i o n w i t h n e w               r e c o r d ,t h e l o c a t i o n o f t h e n e x t r e c o r d i s d e t ' e r m i n e d y t h e
                                                                                                                                                                                                   b
c a p a b i l i t i e s r o v i d e d b y A r J L . T h e f o l l o w i n g o p e r a t i o n sa r e
                      p                                                                                   n e x t s e q u e n t i a d i s k a d d r e s sr n t h e d a t a s e t . T h i s m e r : h o d
                                                                                                                                     l
a v a i l a b l e h r o u q h a p p r o p r i a t ei m p l e m e n t a t i o no f t h e a p p l i c a -
                t                                                                                         a l l ow s :
tion control language.
                                                                                                          o     W r i t i n g r e c o r d si n t o a n e w d a t a s e t .

Branching                                                                                                 o     W r i t i n g o r a d d i n g r e c o r d sa t t h e e n d o f a n e x i s t i n , J a t a s e t .
                                                                                                                                                                                                   d

U n c o n d i t i o n a la n d c o n d i t i o n a l b r a n c h i n gi n s t r u c t i o n sa l t e r    o     l l e a d i n gr e c o r d sf r o m a n e x i s t r n . r ;a t a s e 1 : .
                                                                                                                                                                        d
t h e s e q u e n t i a e x e c u t i o no f t h e A C L p r o g r a m . A l l e x e c u t a b l e
                          l
i n s t r u c t i o n si n t h e p r o g r a n rc a n b e i d e n t i f i e dw i t h a s t e p            o     l l e a d i n ga n d u p d a t i n g r e c o r d si n a n e x i s t i n gd a t a s e t .
n u m b e r t 0 0 0 - 7 6 7 ) ,o r a f o u r - p o s i t i o ns y m b o l i c l a b e l p r e c e d i n g
t h e i n s t r u c t i o n O n l y t h o s e r n s t r u c t i o n s r a n c h e dt o m u s t h a v e o
                                              i                      b                                          l l e a d i n ga n d u p d a t i n g r e c o r d si n a n e x i s t i n gd a t a s e t , a n d
a p r e c e d i n g t e p n u m b e r o r l a b e l ;a l l o t h e r i n s t r u c t i o n s o
                     s                                                                      d                   a d d i n g n e w r e c o r d sa t t h e e n d o f a 



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