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Mesa_6.0_Bytecodes


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Mesa 6.0 Primary Bytecodes

000   NOOP        001   ME       002   MRE     003   MXW
004   MXD         005   NOTIFY   006   BCAST   007   REQUEUE
008   LLO         009   LL1      010   LL2     011   LL3
012   LL4         013   LL5      014   LL6     015   LL7
016   LLB         017   LLDB     018   SLO     019   SL1
020   SL2         021   SL3      022   SL4     023   SL5
024   SL6         025   SL7      026   SLB     027   PLO
028   PL1         029   PL2      030   PL3     031   LGO
032   LG1         033   LG2      034   LG3     035   LG4
036   LG5         037   LG6      038   LG7     039   LGB
040   LGDB        041   SGO      042   SG1     043   SG2
044   SG3         045   SGB      046   LIO     047   LIl
048   LI2         049   LI3      050   LI4     051   LI5
052   LI6         053   LIN1     054   LINI    055   LIB
056   LIW         057   LINB     058   LADRB   059   GADRB
060               061            062           063
064   RO          065   R1       066   R2      067   R3
068   R4          069   RB       070   WO      071   W1
072   W2          073   WB       074   RF      075   WF
076   ROB         077   ROO      078   WOB     079   WOO
080   RSTR        081   WSTR     082   RXLP    083   WXLP
084   RILP        085   RIGP     086   WILP    087   RILO
088   WSO         089   WSB      090   WSF     091   WSDB
092   RFC         093   RFS      094   WFS     095
096               097            098           099
100               101            102           103
104               105            106           107
108               109            110           111
112               113            114   SLDB    115   SGDB
116   PUSH        117   POP      118   EXCH    119   LINKB
120   DUP         121   NILCK    122           123   BNDCK
124               125            126           127
128   J2          129   J3       130   J4      131   J5
132   J6          133   J7       134   J8      135   J9
136   JB          137   JW       138   JEQ2    139   JEQ3
140   JEQ4        141   JEQ5     142   JEQ6    143   JEQ7
144   JEQ8        145   JEQ9     146   JEQB    147   JNE2
148   JNE3        149   JNE4     150   JNE5    151   JNE6
152   JNE7        153   JNE8     154   JNE9    155   JNEB
156   JLB         157   JGEB     158   JGB     159   JLEB
160   JULB        161   JUGEB    162   JUGB    163   JULEB
164   JZEQB       165   JZNEB    166           167   JIW
168   ADD         169   SUB      170   MUL     171   DBL
172   DIV         173   LDIV     174   NEG     175   INC
176   ADD         177   OR       178   XOR     179   SHIFT
180   DADD        181   DSUB     182   DCOMP   183   DUCOMP
184   ADD01       185            186           187
188               189            190           191
192   EFCO        193   EFC1     194   EFC2    195   EFC3
196   EFC4        197   EFC5     198   EFC6    199   EFC7
200   EFC8        201   EFC9     202   EFC10   203   EFC11
204   EFC12       205   EFC13    206   EFC14   207   EFC15
208     EFCB          209   LFC1          210   LFC2      211     LFC3
212     LFC4          213   LFC5          214   LFC6      215     LFC7
216     LFC8          217                 218             219
220                   221                 222             223
224                   225   LFCB          226   SFC       227     RET
228     LLKB          229   PORTO         230   PORTI     231     KFCB
232     DESCB         233   DESCBS        234   BLT       235
236     BLTC          237                 238   ALLOC     239     FREE
240     IWDC          241   DWDC          242   STOP      243     CATCH
244     MISC          245   BITBLT        246   STARTIO   247     JRAM
248     DST           249   LST           250   LSTF      251
252     WR            253   RR            254   BRK       255     STKUF


Operations on the stack:

DIS             Discard the top element of the stack
                (decrement the stack pointer)

REC             Recover the previous top of stack
                (increment the stack pointer)

EXCH            Exchange the top two elements of the stack

DEXCH           Exchange the top two doubleword elements of the stack

DUP             Duplicate the top element of the stack

DDUP            Duplicate the top double word element of the stack

DBL             Double to top of stack (multipy by 2)

unary operations:           NEG, INC, DEC, etc.

logical operations:         IOR, AND, XOR.

arithmetic:                 ADD, SUB, MUL.

doubleword arithmetic:      DADD, DSUB.

Divide and other infrequent operations are relegated to a multibyte
escape opcode that extends the instruction set beyond 256 instructions.

Simple Load and Store instructions:

LIn             Load Immediate n

LIB a           Load Immediate Byte

LIW aB          Load Immediate Word

LLn             Load Local n; load the word at offset n from LF

LLB a           Load Local Byte; load the word at offset a from LF
SLn         Store Local n

SLB a       Store Local Byte

PLn         Put Local n; equivalent to SLn   REe, i.e. store and leave the
            value on the stack

LGn         Load Global n; load the word at offset n from GF

LGB a       Load Global Byte; load the word at offset a from GF

SGB a       Store Global Byte

LLKB a      Load Link; load a word at offset a in the link space

There are also versions of these instuctions that load doubleword quantities.
Note that there are no three-byte versions of these loads and stores and no
one-byte Store Global instuctions. These do not occur frequently enough to
warrant inclusion in the instruction set.

Jumps:
All jump distances are measured in bytes relative to the beginning of the
jump instruction; they are specified as signed eight or 16 bit numbers

In          Short positive jumps

JB a        jump -128 to    + 127 bytes
JW aB       long positive or negative jumps

JLB a       compare (unsigned) top two elements of stack and jump if less;
            also JLEB, JEB, JGB, JGEB and unsigned versions

JEBB aB     if top of stack is equal to a,    jump distance in B; also JNBB

JZB a       jump if top of stack is zero; also JNZB

JEP a       if top of stack is equal to a.left,    jump distance in a.right
            also JNEP

JIB aB      at offset aB in the code segment find a table of eight bit
            distances to be indexed by the top of stack; also JIW with
            a table of sixteen bit distances.

Read and Write through pointers:
These instructions read and write data through pointers on the stack or stored
in local variables

Rn          Read through pointer on stack plus small offset

RB a        Read through pointer on stack plus offset a

WB          Write through pointer on stack plus offset a
RLIP a      Read Local Indirect; use pointer in local variable a.left
            add offset a.right

WLIP a      Write local indirect

~Fa         Read Field using pointer on the stack plus n; a contains
            starting bit and bit count as four bit quantities

RF aB       Read Field using pointer on the stack plus a; B contains
            starting bit and bit count as four bit quantities

WF aB       Write Field

RKIB a      Read Link Indirect; use the word at offset a in the link
            space as a pointer

Control Transfers:
These instuctions handle procedure call return. Local calls (in the same
module) specify the entry point number of the destination procedure; external
calls (to another module) specify an index of a control link in the module's
link space

LFCn        Local Function Call using entry point n

LFCB a      Local Function Call using entry point a

EFCn        External Function Call using control link n

EFCB a      External Function Call Byte using control link a

SFC         Stack Function Call; use control link from the stack

RET         Return. XFER using the return link in the local frame as the
            destination; free the frame

B~          Breakpoint; a distinguished one-byte instruction that causes a
            trap

Miscellaneous:
These instructions are used to generate and manipulate pointer values

LAn         Local Address n; put the addrss of local variable n on the stack

LAB a       Local Address Byte; put the address of local variable a on the
            stack

LAW aB      Local Address Word; put the address of local variabl aB on the
            stack

GM          Global Address n; put the address of global variable n on the
            stack

GAB    a    Global Address Byte; put the address of global variable a on the
            stack
GAW aB   Global Address Word; put the address of global variable aB on the
         stack

LP       Lengthen Pointer; convert the short pointer on the stack to a long
         pointer by adding MDS; includes a check for invalid pointers



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