Service Manuals, User Guides, Schematic Diagrams or docs for : . Car Manuals Dodge Durango 1998-2000 Approved Dodge Durango 1998-99 98DN_8A

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98DN_8A

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DN BATTERY 8A - 1

BATTERY
CONTENTS

page page

GENERAL INFORMATION IGNITION-OFF DRAW TEST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 LOAD TEST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
OVERVIEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 OPEN-CIRCUIT VOLTAGE TEST . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION VOLTAGE DROP TEST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
BATTERY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 SERVICE PROCEDURES
BATTERY MOUNTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 BATTERY CHARGING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
BATTERY SIZE AND RATINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING BATTERY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
BATTERY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 SPECIFICATIONS
BUILT-IN TEST INDICATOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 BATTERY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
HYDROMETER TEST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

GENERAL INFORMATION While battery charging can be considered a mainte-
nance procedure, battery charging information is
OVERVIEW located in this group. This was done because the bat-
The battery, starting, and charging systems oper- tery must be fully-charged before any diagnosis can
ate with one another, and must be tested as a com- be performed.
plete system. In order for the vehicle to start and The factory-installed maintenance-free bat-
charge properly, all of the components involved in tery has non-removable battery vent caps (Fig.
these systems must perform within specifications. 1). Water cannot be added to this battery. The chem-
Group 8A covers the battery, Group 8B covers the ical composition within the maintenance-free battery
starting system, and Group 8C covers the charging reduces battery gassing and water loss, at normal
system. Refer to Group 8W - Wiring Diagrams for charge and discharge rates. Therefore, the battery
complete circuit descriptions and diagrams. We have should not require additional water in normal ser-
separated these systems to make it easier to locate vice.
the information you are seeking within this Service
Manual. However, when attempting to diagnose any
of these systems, it is important that you keep their
interdependency in mind.
The diagnostic procedures used in these groups
include the most basic conventional diagnostic meth-
ods, to the more sophisticated On-Board Diagnostics
(OBD) built into the Powertrain Control Module
(PCM). Use of a induction milliampere ammeter, volt/
ohmmeter, battery charger, carbon pile rheostat (load
tester), and 12-volt test lamp may be required.
All OBD-sensed systems are monitored by the
PCM. Each monitored circuit is assigned a Diagnos-
tic Trouble Code (DTC). The PCM will store a DTC in
electronic memory for any failure it detects. Refer to
On-Board Diagnostics Test in Group 8C - Charging Fig. 1 Maintenance-Free Battery - Typical
System for more information.
If the battery electrolyte level becomes low, the
INTRODUCTION battery must be replaced. However, rapid loss of elec-
trolyte can be caused by an overcharging condition.
This section covers only battery diagnostic and ser-
Be certain to diagnose the charging system before
vice procedures. For battery maintenance procedures,
refer to Group 0 - Lubrication and Maintenance.
8A - 2 BATTERY DN
GENERAL INFORMATION (Continued)
returning the vehicle to service. Refer to Group 8C - For a battery to remain useful, it must be able to
Charging System for more information. produce high-amperage current over an extended
The factory-installed battery also has a built-in period. A battery must also be able to accept a
test indicator (hydrometer). The color visible in the charge, so that its voltage potential may be restored.
sight glass of the indicator will reveal the battery In addition to producing and storing electrical
condition. See Built-In Test Indicator in the Diagno- energy, the battery serves as a capacitor, or voltage
sis and Testing section of this group for more infor- stabilizer, for the electrical system of the vehicle. It
mation. absorbs most abnormal or transient voltages caused
It is important that the battery, starting, and by the switching of any of the electrical components
charging systems be thoroughly tested and inspected in the vehicle.
any time a battery needs to be charged or replaced. The battery is vented to release excess hydrogen
The cause of abnormal discharge, overcharging, or gas that is created when the battery is being charged
early battery failure must be diagnosed and corrected or discharged. However, even with these vents, the
before a battery is replaced or returned to service. hydrogen gas can collect in or around the battery. If
hydrogen gas is exposed to flame or sparks, it may
ignite.
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION If the electrolyte level is low, the battery may arc
internally and explode. If the battery is equipped
BATTERY with removable cell caps, add distilled water when-
The storage battery is a device used to store elec- ever the electrolyte level is below the top of the
trical energy potential in a chemical form. When an plates. If the battery cell caps cannot be removed, the
electrical load is applied to the battery terminals, an battery must be replaced if the electrolyte level
electrochemical reaction occurs within the battery. becomes low.
This reaction causes the battery to discharge electri-
cal current. BATTERY SIZE AND RATINGS
The battery is made up of six individual cells that The battery Group Size number, the Cold Cranking
are connected in series. Each cell contains positively Amperage (CCA) rating, and the Reserve Capacity
charged plate groups made of lead oxide, and nega- (RC) rating or Ampere-Hours (AH) rating can be
tively charged plate groups made of sponge lead. found on the original equipment battery label. Be
These dissimilar metal plates are submerged in a certain that a replacement battery has the correct
sulfuric acid and water solution called an electrolyte. Group Size number, as well as CCA, and RC or AH
As the battery discharges, a gradual chemical ratings that equal or exceed the original equipment
change takes place within each cell. The sulfuric acid specification for the vehicle being serviced.
in the electrolyte combines with the plate materials, See the Battery Classifications and Ratings chart
causing both plates to slowly change to lead sulfate. in the Specifications section at the back of this group
At the same time, oxygen from the positive plate for more information. Battery sizes and ratings are
material combines with hydrogen from the sulfuric discussed in more detail below.
acid, causing the electrolyte to become mainly water.
The chemical changes within the battery are GROUP SIZE
caused by the movement of excess or free electrons The outside dimensions and terminal placement of
between the positive and negative plate groups. This the battery conform to standards established by the
movement of electrons produces a flow of electrical Battery Council International (BCI). Each battery is
current through the load device attached to the bat- assigned a BCI Group Size number to help identify a
tery terminals. correctly-sized replacement.
As the plate materials become more similar chem-
ically, and the electrolyte becomes less acid, the volt- COLD CRANKING AMPERAGE
age potential of each cell is reduced. However, by The Cold Cranking Amperage (CCA) rating speci-
charging the battery with a voltage higher than that fies how much current (in amperes) the battery can
of the battery, the battery discharging process is deliver for thirty seconds at -18

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