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GR00005100-35A


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                                                                                                                                              35A-1


                                                                   GROUP 35A


                                    BASIC BRAKE
                                      SYSTEM
                                                                    CONTENTS

GENERAL DESCRIPTION. . . . . . . . .                                35A-2    BRAKE PEDAL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35A-25
                                                                               REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION . . . . . . . .                        35A-25
BASIC BRAKE SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS                                        35A-4      INSPECTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       35A-26
   INTRODUCTION TO BASIC BRAKE SYSTEM
   DIAGNOSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35A-4           MASTER CYLINDER ASSEMBLY
   BASIC BRAKE SYSTEM DIAGNOSTIC                                             AND BRAKE BOOSTER . . . . . . . . . . 35A-27
   TROUBLESHOOTING STRATEGY . . . . . .                              35A-4
                                                                               REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION . . . . . . . .                        35A-27
   SYMPTOM CHART. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                35A-4
   SYMPTOM PROCEDURES . . . . . . . . . . . .                        35A-4   DISC BRAKE ASSEMBLY . . . . . . . . . 35A-30
                                                                               REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION . . . . . . . .                        35A-30
SPECIAL TOOLS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                       35A-14      INSPECTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       35A-32
                                                                               DISASSEMBLY AND ASSEMBLY
ON-VEHICLE SERVICE. . . . . . . . . . . 35A-15                                  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     35A-33
   BRAKE PEDAL CHECK AND                                                       DISASSEMBLY AND ASSEMBLY
   ADJUSTMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .           35A-15      . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    35A-36
   BRAKE BOOSTER OPERATING TEST . . .                               35A-16     INSPECTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       35A-38
   CHECK VALVE OPERATION CHECK . . . .                              35A-17
   BLEEDING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       35A-17   SPECIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35A-40
   BRAKE FLUID LEVEL SENSOR CHECK. .                                35A-18     FASTENER TIGHTENING
   DISC BRAKE PAD CHECK AND                                                    SPECIFICATIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .           35A-40
   REPLACEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .            35A-19     GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . .                      35A-40
   DISC BRAKE ROTOR CHECK. . . . . . . . . .                        35A-21     SERVICE SPECIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . .                    35A-41
   MASTER CYLINDER FUNCTION                                                    LUBRICANTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .        35A-41
   CHECK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    35A-24
35A-2                                             BASIC BRAKE SYSTEM
                                                  GENERAL DESCRIPTION

                                   GENERAL DESCRIPTION
                                                                                                         M1351000100688
The brake system has been designed to give greater
reliability and durability and to provide excellent brak-
ing performance.
FEATURES
                                                                 3. Front- and rear-wheel X-type brake line layout
.




Improved braking performance
                                                                    are used.
    1. An 8+9 inch tandem brake booster provides suffi-
                                                                 4. Ventilated discs on the front brakes improve
       cient braking force in sudden braking range.
                                                                    anti-fading performance.
    2. 16-inch front ventilated disc brakes provide stable
                                                                 5. Ventilated discs on the rear brakes improve
       braking force and improved braking feel.
                                                                    anti-fading performance. <3.8L engine>
    3. 14-inch rear solid disc brakes are used.<2.4L
       engine>                                               .




    4. 15-inch rear ventilated disc brakes provide stable    Improved serviceability
       braking force and improved braking feel. <3.8L            1. A diagnosis function for the ABS and ABS/TCL
       engine>                                                      systems to make inspection easier.
.
                                                                 2. An outer disc separated hub and rotor make
Improved stability                                                  removal and installation easier.
                                                                 3. The master cylinder reservoir tank cap is colored
    1. A 4-wheel anti-lock braking system (4ABS) pre-
                                                                    white to make identification easier.
       vents slipping caused by the vehicle wheels lock-
       ing up, in order to maintain a stable vehicle             4. The ABS-ECU, ABS/TCL-ECU and hydraulic unit
       posture and steering performance.                            are integrated to make them more compact and
                                                                    light-weight.
    2. An electronic brake-force distribution (EBD)
       makes it possible to maintain the maximum
       amount of braking force even when the vehicle's
       load is unevenly distributed.




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                                        BASIC BRAKE SYSTEM
                                        GENERAL DESCRIPTION
                                                                     35A-3
CONSTRUCTION DIAGRAM
<2.4L ENGINE>

                BRAKE BOOSTER

  HYDRAULIC UNIT
  (INTEGRATED WITH
  THE ABS-ECU)




                                                              REAR DISC BRAKE


MASTER CYLINDER
                     FRONT DISC BRAKE                               AC406018AB

<3.8L ENGINE>

                BRAKE BOOSTER

  HYDRAULIC UNIT
  (INTEGRATED WITH
  THE ABS-ECU)




                                                              REAR DISC BRAKE


MASTER CYLINDER
                     FRONT DISC BRAKE                               AC406019AB




                               TSB Revision
35A-4                                            BASIC BRAKE SYSTEM
                                            BASIC BRAKE SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS

                        BASIC BRAKE SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS
INTRODUCTION TO BASIC BRAKE SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS
                                                                                                    M1351009700375
Hydraulic brakes are composed of the brake pedal,
master cylinder, brake booster and disc brakes. Mal-
functions such as insufficient braking power or the
generation of noise may occur due to wear, damage
or incorrect adjustment of these components.
BASIC BRAKE SYSTEM DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLESHOOTING STRATEGY
                                                                                                    M1351009800350
Use these steps to plan your diagnostic strategy. If       2. Verify that the condition described by the
you follow them carefully, you will be sure that you          customer exists.
have exhausted most of the possible ways to find a         3. Find the malfunction by following the symptom
basic brake system fault.                                     chart.
1. Gather information from the customer.                   4. Verify malfunction is eliminated.
SYMPTOM CHART
                                                                                                    M1351009900380

    SYMPTOM                                                            INSPECTION         REFERENCE
                                                                       PROCEDURE          PAGE
    Vehicle pulls to one side when brakes are applied                  1                  P.35A-4
    Insufficient braking power                                         2                  P.35A-5
    Increased pedal stroke (Reduced pedal-to-floor board clearance)    3                  P.35A-6
    Brake drag                                                         4                  P.35A-7
    Scraping or grinding noise when brake are applied                  5                  P.35A-8
    Squealing, groaning or chattering noise when brake are applied     6                  P.35A-10
    Squealing noise when brakes are not applied                        7                  P.35A-10
    Groaning, clicking or rattling noise when brakes are not applied   8                  P.35A-13

SYMPTOM PROCEDURES


INSPECTION PROCEDURE 1: Vehicle Pulls to One Side when Brakes are Applied
.




DIAGNOSIS

STEP 1. Check for oil, water, etc., on the pad
contact surface of all brakes.
Q: Is oil, water, etc., on the pad contact surface?
   YES : Replace the part and determine the
           source/cause of foreign material. Then go to
           Step 5.
      NO : Go to Step 2.




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                                           BASIC BRAKE SYSTEM
                                      BASIC BRAKE SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS
                                                                                                   35A-5
STEP 2. Check disc brake pistons for smooth            STEP 3. Check brake disc(s) for runout.
operation.                                             Refer to P.35A-21.
(1) With engine not running, depress the brake pedal   Q: Is runout outside of specifications?
    rapidly several times to deplete booster vacuum       YES : Repair or replace the brake disc(s) as
    reserves.                                                  necessary. Then go to Step 5.
(2) Test each disc brake assembly one at a time.          NO : Go to Step 4.
    a. Remove the lower caliper bolt, then remove
       caliper from mount.
    b. Have an assistant slowly depress the brake      STEP 4. Check brake discs for correct thickness.
       pedal. Confirm piston(s) extend slowly and      Refer to P.35A-21.
       smoothly with no jumpiness. Repeat for each     Q: Is the thickness outside of specifications?
       disc brake assembly.                               YES : Repair or replace the brake disc(s) as
Q: Do (does) the piston(s) move correctly?                     necessary. Then go to Step 5.
   YES : Go to Step 3.                                    NO : Perform the brake line bleeding. Then go to
   NO : Disassemble and inspect the brake                       Step 5.
         assembly (Front: refer to P.35A-33, Rear:
         refer to P.35A-36). Then go to Step 5.        STEP 5. Retest the system.
                                                       Q: Is the symptom eliminated?
                                                          YES : The procedure is complete.
                                                          NO : Start over at Step 1. If a new symptom
                                                                appears, refer to the appropriate symptom
                                                                chart.



INSPECTION PROCEDURE 2: Insufficient Braking Power
.




DIAGNOSIS                                              STEP 2. Check for spongy (not firm) brakes.
                                                       (1) With engine not running, depress the brake pedal
                                                           rapidly several times to deplete the booster
STEP 1. Check that the specified brake fluid is            vacuum reserve.
used, its level is correct, and no contamination is    (2) With the brake pedal fully released, depress the
found.                                                     brake pedal slowly until it stops.
Q: Is there a fault?                                   (3) With a measuring device (ruler, etc.) next to the
   YES : Refill or replace with the specified brake        brake pedal, depress the pedal firmly and
         fluid DOT 3 or DOT 4. Bleed the brakes if         measure the distance the pedal traveled.
         necessary (Refer to P.35A-17). Then go to
                                                       Q: Is the distance greater than 20 mm (0.8 inch)?
         Step 6.                                          YES : Bleed the brakes to remove air in the fluid
    NO : Go to Step 2.
                                                               (Refer to P.35A-17). Then go to Step 6.
                                                          NO : Go to Step 3.


                                                       STEP 3. Check the brake booster function.
                                                       Refer to P.35A-16.
                                                       Q: Is there a fault?
                                                          YES : Replace the brake booster. Then go to Step
                                                               6.
                                                          NO : Go to Step 4.




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35A-6                                           BASIC BRAKE SYSTEM
                                           BASIC BRAKE SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS

STEP 4. Check for pinched or restricted brake             STEP 6. Recheck symptom.
tube or hose.                                             Q: Is the symptom eliminated?
Q: Is there a pinched or restricted brake tube or hose?      YES : The procedure is complete.
   YES : Replace that complete section of brake tube         NO : Start over at step 1. If a new symptom
         or brake hose. Then go to Step 6.                        surfaces, refer to the appropriate symptom
    NO : Go to Step 5.                                            chart.

STEP 5. Check for oil, water, etc., on the pad
contact surfaces of all brakes.
Q: Is oil, water, etc., on the pad contact surface?
   YES : Replace the part and determine the
         source/cause of foreign material. Recheck
         symptom. Then go to Step 6.
    NO : The procedure is complete.



INSPECTION PROCEDURE 3: Increased Pedal Stroke (Reduced Pedal-to-Floor Board Clearance)
.




DIAGNOSIS                                                 STEP 4. Check the master cylinder function.
                                                          Refer to P.35A-24.
STEP 1. Check for spongy (not firm) brakes.               Q: Is there a fault?
(1) With engine not running, depress the brake pedal         YES : Repair it. Then go to Step 7.
    rapidly several times to deplete booster vacuum          NO : Go to Step 5.
    reserve.
(2) With the brake pedal fully released, depress the      STEP 5. Check for brake fluid leaks.
    brake pedal slowly until it stops.
                                                          Q: Is there a leak?
(3) With a measuring device (ruler, etc.) next to the        YES : Check the connection for looseness,
    brake pedal, depress the pedal firmly and                     corrosion, etc. Clean and repair as
    measure the distance the pedal traveled.                      necessary. If leaking in any tube or hose
Q: Is the distance greater than 20 mm (0.8 inch)?                 section, replace the complete tube or hose.
   YES : Bleed the brakes to remove air in the fluid              Then go to Step 7 .
         (Refer to P.35A-17). Then go to Step 7.             NO : Go to Step 6.
    NO : Go to Step 2.
                                                          STEP 6. Check for excessive clearance between
STEP 2. Check the pad for wear.                           the push rod and primary piston.
Refer to P.35A-19.                                        Refer to P.35A-27.
Q: Is the pad thickness outside of specifications?        Q: Is the clearance outside of specifications?
   YES : Replace the part. Then go to Step 7.                YES : Adjust the clearance. Then go to Step 7.
   NO : Go to Step 3.                                        NO : Go to Step 7.


STEP 3. Check the vacuum hose and check valve             STEP 7. Recheck symptom.
for damage.
                                                          Q: Is the symptom eliminated?
Refer to P.35A-17.                                           YES : The procedure is complete.
Q: Is there a damage?                                        NO : Start over at step 1. If a new symptom
   YES : Replace the part. Then go to Step 7.                     surfaces, refer to the symptom chart.
   NO : Go to Step 4.




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                                      BASIC BRAKE SYSTEM
                              BASIC BRAKE SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS
                                                                                            35A-7

INSPECTION PROCEDURE 4: Brake Drag
                                        .




                                        DIAGNOSIS

                                        STEP 1. Check the parking brake operating lever return.
                                        Q: Is the operation faulty?
                PARKING BRAKE
                OPERATING LEVER
                                           YES : Repair it. Then go to Step 9.
                                           NO : Go to Step 2.




                        AC210519 AB



                                        STEP 2. Check the brake shoe springs for breakage.
                                        Q: Are the brake shoe springs broken?
                       SHOE
                                           YES : Replace the spring. Then go to Step 9.
                       SPRINGS             NO : Go to Step 3.




                        AC210519AC



                                        STEP 3. Check the amount of grease at each sliding
                                        section.
                                        Refer to GROUP 36, Parking Brake Lining and Drum P.36-18.
                                        Q: Is the grease amount low?
                                           YES : Apply grease. Then go to Step 9.
                                           NO : Go to Step 4.

                                        STEP 4. Check the parking brake pull amount.
                                        Refer to GROUP 36, On-vehicle Service -Parking Brake lever
                                        Stroke Check and Adjustment P.36-13.
                                        Q: Is there a fault?
                                           YES : Adjust it. Then go to Step 9.
                                           NO : Go to Step 5.

                                        STEP 5. Check for insufficient clearance between the push
                                        rod and primary piston.
                                        Refer to P.35A-27.
                                        Q: Is there a fault?
                                           YES : Adjust the clearance. Then go to Step 9.
                                           NO : Go to Step 6.



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35A-8                                BASIC BRAKE SYSTEM
                                 BASIC BRAKE SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS


                                     STEP 6. Check the master cylinder piston return spring for
                                     damage and return port for clogging.
                                     Refer to P.35A-27.
                                     Q: Is there damage?
                                        YES : Replace the part. Then go to Step 9.
                                        NO : Go to Step 7.

                                     STEP 7. Check port for clogging.
                                     Q: Is the port clogged?
                                        YES : Repair it. Then go to Step 9.
                                        NO : Go to Step 8.

                                     STEP 8. Check disc brake pistons for sticking.
                                     Depress the brake pedal, then release. Confirm each wheel
                                     spins freely.
                                     Q: Does any wheel stick?
                                        YES : Inspect that brake assembly. Then go to Step 9.
                                        NO : Go to Step 9.

                                     STEP 9. Recheck symptom.
                                     Q: Is the symptom eliminated?
                                        YES : The procedure is complete.
                                        NO : Start over at step 1. If a new symptom surfaces, refer
                                               to the symptom chart.



INSPECTION PROCEDURE 5: Scraping or Grinding Noise when Brakes are Applied
                                     .




                                     DIAGNOSIS

                                     STEP 1. Check the front brakes, then rear brakes, for
                                     metal-to-metal condition.
                                     Q: Is any metal-to-metal contact evident?
                                        YES : Repair or replace the components. Then go to Step 6.
                                        NO : Go to Step 2.

                                     STEP 2. Check for interference between the caliper and
                                     wheel.
                                     Q: Is there any interference?
                                        YES : Repair or replace the part. Then go to Step 6.
                                        NO : Go to Step 3.




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                                     BASIC BRAKE SYSTEM
                               BASIC BRAKE SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS
                                                                                            35A-9

                                       STEP 3. Check for interference between the dust cover and
                                       brake disc.
                          Q: Is there any interference?
          DUST COVER                      YES : Repair or replace the part. Then go to Step 6.
                                          NO : Go to Step 4.




          BRAKE DISC    AC306518AB



                                       STEP 4. Check the brake drums or discs for cracks.
                                       Q: Are there cracks?
                                          YES : Repair or replace the part. Then go to Step 6.
                                          NO : Go to Step 5.

                                       STEP 5. Check for bent backing plate(s).
                                 Q: Is (Are) the backing plate(s) bent?
             BACKING PLATE                YES : Repair or replace the part. Then go to Step 6.
                                          NO : Go to Step 6.




                       AC210519 AD



                                       STEP 6. Recheck symptom.
                                       Q: Is the symptom eliminated?
                                          YES : The procedure is complete.
                                          NO : Start over at step 1. If a new symptom surfaces, refer
                                                 to the symptom chart.




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35A-10                                       BASIC BRAKE SYSTEM
                                        BASIC BRAKE SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS


INSPECTION PROCEDURE6: Squealing, Groaning or Chattering Noise when Brakes are Applied
.




DIAGNOSIS                                                STEP 3. Adjust the brake pedal or brake booster
                                                         pushrod.
                                                         Refer to P.35A-15 or P.35A-27.
STEP 1. Check the brake disc and pads for wear
or cutting.                                              Q: Are the brake pedal and the brake booster pushrod
                                                            adjusted correctly?
Q: Is there wear or cutting?                                YES : Go to Step 4.
   YES : Repair or replace the part. Then go to Step        NO : Adjust the brake pedal or the brake booster
         4.                                                       pushrod. Then go to Step 4.
    NO : Go to Step 2.

                                                         STEP 4. Recheck symptom.
STEP 2. Check the calipers for rust.
                                                         Q: Is the symptom eliminated?
Q: Is there any rust?                                       YES : The procedure is complete.
   YES : Remove the rust. Then go to Step 4.                NO : Start over at step 1. If a new symptom
   NO : Go to Step 3.                                             surfaces, refer to the symptom chart.



INSPECTION PROCEDURE 7: Squealing Noise when Brakes are not Applied

                                               DIAGNOSIS
                                               .




                                               STEP 1. Check whether the backing plate is bent or loose
                                               and interfering with the drum.
                                               Q: Is there a fault?
                                                  YES : Replace the part. Then go to Step 10.
                                                  NO : Go to Step 2.

                                               STEP 2. Check whether the drum is damaged due to
                                               interference with the backing plate or shoe.
                                               Q: Is there any damage?
                                                  YES : Replace the part. Then go to Step 10.
                                                  NO : Go to Step 3.

                                               STEP 3. Check the brake drum for wear and the shoe
                                               spring for damage.
                                               Q: Is there any wear or damage?
                                                  YES : Replace the part. Then go to Step 10.
                                                  NO : Go to Step 4.

                                               STEP 4. Check the brake discs for rust.
                                               Q: Are the brake discs rusted?
                                                  YES : Remove the rust by using sand paper. If still rusted,
                                                        turn the rotors with an on-the-car brake lathe. Then go
                                                        to Step 10.
                                                  NO : Go to Step 5.




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                        BASIC BRAKE SYSTEM
                 BASIC BRAKE SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS
                                                                              35A-11

                          STEP 5. Check the brake pads for correct installation.
                          Q: Are the pads installed incorrectly?
                             YES : Repair the pads. Then go to Step 10.
                             NO : Go to Step 6.

                          STEP 6. Check the calipers for correct installation.
                          Q: Are the calipers installed incorrectly?
                             YES : Repair the calipers. Then go to Step 10.
                             NO : Go to Step 7.

                          STEP 7. Check the wheel bearings for end play.
                          (1) Remove the brake discs.
                   (2) Place a dial gauge as shown, and measure the end play
                              while moving the hub in the axial direction.
                                   Limit: 0.05 mm (0.002 inch)
                          Q: Does the measured end play exceed the limit?
                             YES : Replace the faulty hub assembly. Then go to Step 10.
                             NO : Go to Step 8.



          AC102438 AC







          AC205869AC




                          STEP 8. Check whether the brake booster or master
                          cylinder return is insufficient.
                          Q: Is the brake booster or master cylinder return
                             insufficient?
                             YES : Replace the part. Then go to Step 10.
                             NO : Go to Step 9.

                          STEP 9. Adjust the brake pedal or brake booster pushrod.
                          Refer to P.35A-15 or P.35A-27.
                          Q: Are the brake pedal and the brake booster pushrod
                             adjusted correctly?
                             YES : Go to Step 10.
                             NO : Adjust the brake pedal or the brake booster pushrod.
                                   Then go to Step 10.




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35A-12            BASIC BRAKE SYSTEM
              BASIC BRAKE SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS


                  STEP 10. Recheck symptom.
                  Q: Is the symptom eliminated?
                     YES : The procedure is complete.
                     NO : Start over at step 1. If a new symptom surfaces, refer
                            to the symptom chart.




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                                      BASIC BRAKE SYSTEM
                                BASIC BRAKE SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS
                                                                                               35A-13

INSPECTION PROCEDURE 8: Groaning, Clicking or Rattling Noise when Brakes are not Applied.

                                        DIAGNOSIS
                                        .




                                        STEP 1. Check whether foreign material has entered the
                                        wheel covers.
                                        Q: Is there any foreign material?
                                           YES : Remove it. Then go to Step 5.
                                           NO : Go to Step 2.

                                        STEP 2. Check for looseness of the wheel nuts.
                                        Q: Are the wheel nuts loose?
                                           YES : Tighten to 98 



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