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FRONT AXLE &
FRONT SUSPENSION
GI
SECTION FA MA
EM
LC
CONTENTS EC
PRECAUTIONS AND PREPARATION....................... 2 Drive Shaft .............................................................. 9 FE
Precautions ............................................................. 2 FRONT AXLE ........................................................... 10
Special Service Tools.............................................. 2 Wheel Hub and Knuckle ....................................... 11
Commercial Service Tools ...................................... 3 Drive Shaft ............................................................ 15 CL
NOISE, VIBRATION AND HARSHNESS (NVH) FRONT SUSPENSION ............................................. 23
TROUBLESHOOTING. ............................................... 4 Coil Spring and Strut Assembly............................ 24
NVH Troubleshooting Chart.................................... 4 Stabilizer Bar......................................................... 25 MT
FRONT SUSPENSION SYSTEM ............................... 5 Transverse Link and Lower Ball Joint .................. 26
ON-VEHICLE SERVICE ............................................. 6 SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS) ..... 28 AT
Front Axle and Front Suspension Parts ................. 6 General Specifications .......................................... 28
Front Wheel Bearing............................................... 7 Inspection and Adjustment.................................... 28
Front Wheel Alignment ........................................... 7 FA
RA
BR
ST
RS
BT
HA
EL
IDX
PRECAUTIONS AND PREPARATION
Precautions
b When installing rubber parts, final tightening must be
carried out under unladen condition* with tires on
ground.
*: Fuel, radiator coolant and engine oil full. Spare tire,
jack, hand tools and mats in designated positions.
b After installing suspension parts, check wheel align-
ment and adjust if necessary.
b Use flare nut wrench when removing or installing brake
tubes.
SBR686C
b Always torque brake lines when installing.
Special Service Tools
The actual shapes of Kent-Moore tools may differ from those of special service tools illustrated here.
Tool number
(Kent-Moore No.) Description
Tool name
HT72520000 Removing tie-rod outer end and lower ball
(J25730-A) joint
Ball joint remover
NT146
KV38106700 Installing drive shaft
(J34296)
KV38106800
(J34297)
Differential side oil seal pro- LH: KV38106700
tector NT147 RH: KV38106800
FA-2
PRECAUTIONS AND PREPARATION
Commercial Service Tools
Tool name Description
GI
Attachment Measure wheel alignment
Wheel Alignment
a: Screw M24 x 1.5 MA
b: 35 mm (1.38 in) dia.
c: 65 mm (2.56 in) dia.
d: 56 mm (2.20 in) EM
NT148 e: 12 mm (0.47 in)
1 Flare nut crowfoot Removing and installing brake piping LC
2 Torque wrench
EC
NT360 a: 10 mm (0.39 in)
FE
Spring compressor Removing and installing coil spring
CL
NT717 MT
AT
FA
RA
BR
ST
RS
BT
HA
EL
IDX
FA-3
NOISE, VIBRATION AND HARSHNESS (NVH) TROUBLESHOOTING.
NVH Troubleshooting Chart
Use the chart below to find the cause of the symptom. If necessary, repair or replace these parts
Wheels and Tires in GI section
FA-5, 23
SDS in MA section
NVH in BR section
NVH in RA section
NVH in ST section
FA-19
FA-24
FA-23
FA-6
FA-6
FA-7
FA-7, SDS FA-28
FA-7, SDS FA-28
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
Reference page
REAR AXLE AND REAR SUSPENSION
Wheel bearing damage, looseness
Bushing or mounting deterioration
Improper installation, looseness
Shock absorber deformation,
Incorrect wheel alignment
Deformation or damage
Joint sliding resistance
Possible cause and
Suspension looseness
Damage or deflection
Incorrect air pressure
Excessive joint angle
Stabilizer bar fatigue
SUSPECTED PARTS
Parts interference
Incorrect tire size
Uneven tire wear
ROAD WHEEL
DRIVE SHAFT
Non-uniformity
Spring fatigue
Out-of-round
STEERING
Imbalance
BRAKES
TIRES
DRIVE SHAFT Noise, Vibration X X X X X X X
Shake X X X X X X X
FRONT AXLE Noise X X X X X X X X X X X
AND FRONT Shake X X X X X X X X X X X
SUSPENSION
Vibration X X X X X X X X X
Shimmy X X X X X X X X X X
Judder X X X X X X X X
Poor quality
Ride or handling X X X X X X X X X X X
TIRES Noise X X X X X X X X X X X X
Symp-
tom Shake X X X X X X X X X X X X
Vibration X X X X X
Shimmy X X X X X X X X X X X X
Judder X X X X X X X X X X X
Poor quality
Ride or handling X X X X X X X X X
ROAD WHEEL Noise X X X X X X X X X
Shake X X X X X X X X X
Shimmy, judder X X X X X X X X
Poor quality
Ride or handling X X X X X X
X : Applicable
FA-4
FRONT SUSPENSION SYSTEM
GI
MA
EM
LC
EC
FE
CL
MT
AT
FA
RA
BR
ST
RS
BT
WFA017
1 Suspension member 5 Dynamic damper 9 Coil spring HA
2 Stabilizer bar 6 Transverse link 10 Strut mounting insulator
3 Drive shaft 7 Knuckle assembly
4 Rebound stopper 8 Strut assembly 11 Tower bar bracket (if equipped) EL
12 Strut tower bar (if equipped)
IDX
FA-5
ON-VEHICLE SERVICE
Front Axle and Front Suspension Parts
b Check front axle and front suspension parts for excessive
play, cracks, wear or other damage.
a. Shake each front wheel to check for excessive play.
b. Make sure that cotter pin is inserted.
b If looseness is noted, check wheel bearing axial end play,
then ball joint for play.
SMA525A
c. Retighten all nuts and bolts to the specified torque.
Tightening torque:
Refer to FRONT SUSPENSION, FA-23.
SMA614
SFA307B
b Check spring height from top of wheelarch to ground using
the following procedure:
a. Park vehicle on a level surface with vehicle unladen*.
*: Fuel, radiator coolant and engine oil full. Spare tire, jack,
hand tools and mats in designated positions.
b. Check tires for proper inflation and wear (tread wear indica-
tor must not be showing).
c. Bounce vehicle up and down several times and measure
dimensions Hf and Hr. Refer to FA-29.
Spring height is not adjustable. If out of specification, check
SFA818A for worn springs or suspension parts.
b Check strut (shock absorber) for oil leakage or other dam-
age.
b Check suspension ball joint for grease leakage and ball joint
dust cover for cracks or other damage. If ball joint dust
cover is cracked or damaged, replace transverse link.
SFA392B
FA-6
ON-VEHICLE SERVICE
Front Axle and Front Suspension Parts
(Cont'd)
b Check suspension ball joint end play.
a. Jack up front of vehicle and set the stands. GI
b. Clamp dial indicator onto transverse link and place indica-
tor tip on lower edge of brake caliper.
c. Make sure front wheels are straight and brake pedal is MA
depressed.
d. Place a pry bar between transverse link and inner rim of
road wheel. EM
e. While pushing and releasing pry bar, observe maximum dial
SFA504A indicator value.
Vertical end play: LC
0 mm (0 in)
If ball joint vertical end play exists, remove the transverse
link and recheck the ball joint. Refer to FA-26. EC
FE
CL
MT
Front Wheel Bearing
b Check that wheel bearings operate smoothly.
b Check axial end play. AT
Axial end play:
0.05 mm (0.0020 in) or less
b If out of specification or wheel bearing does not turn FA
smoothly, replace wheel bearing assembly.
Refer to FA-11.
RA
SFA484A
BR
Front Wheel Alignment
Before checking front wheel alignment, be sure to make a pre-
liminary inspection (Unladen*). ST
*: Fuel, radiator coolant and engine oil full. Spare tire, jack, hand
tools and mats in designated positions.
RS
BT
HA
PRELIMINARY INSPECTION
1. Check tires for wear and proper inflation.
2. Check wheels for deformation, cracks and other damage. EL
If deformed, remove wheel and check wheel runout.
a. Remove tire from wheel and mount wheel on a tire bal-
ance machine. IDX
b. Set dial indicator as shown in the illustration.
Wheel runout: (Dial indicator value):
Refer to SDS, FA-29.
3. Check front wheel bearings for looseness.
SFA975B 4. Check front suspension for looseness.
FA-7
ON-VEHICLE SERVICE
Front Wheel Alignment (Cont'd)
5. Check steering linkage for looseness.
6. Check that struts work properly by using the standard
bounce test.
7. Check vehicle posture (Unladen).
CAMBER, CASTER AND KINGPIN INCLINATION
Camber, caster and kingpin inclination are preset at factory
and cannot be adjusted.
1. Measure camber, caster and kingpin inclination of both right
and left wheels with a suitable alignment gauge.
Camber, caster and kingpin inclination:
Refer to SDS, FA-28.
2. If camber, caster and kingpin inclination are not within
specification, inspect front suspension parts. Replace
damaged or worn out parts.
SFA948A
TOE-IN
Measure toe-in using the following procedure.
WARNING:
b Always perform the following procedure on a flat
surface.
b Make sure that no one is in front of the vehicle before
pushing it.
1. Bounce front of vehicle up and down to stabilize the posture.
2. Push the vehicle straight ahead about 5 m (16 ft).
3. Put a mark on base line of tread (rear side) of both tires at
AFA050
the same height as hub center. These are measuring points.
4. Measure distance ``A'' (rear side).
5. Push the vehicle slowly ahead to rotate the wheels 180
degrees (1/2 turn).
If the wheels have rotated more than 180 degrees (1/2 turn),
try the above procedure again from the beginning. Never
push vehicle backward.
6. Measure distance ``B'' (front side).
Total toe-in (A-B):
Refer to SDS, FA-28.
SFA234AC
7. Adjust toe-in by varying the length of steering tie-rods.
a. Loosen lock nuts.
b. Adjust toe-in by screwing tie-rods in or out.
Standard length ``L'':
Refer to ST section (``General Specifications'',
``SDS'').
c. Tighten lock nuts to specified torque.
: 37 - 46 N m (3.8 - 4.7 kg-m, 27 - 35 ft-lb)
AFA129
FA-8
ON-VEHICLE SERVICE
Front Wheel Alignment (Cont'd)
GI
MA
EM
SFA486A
LC
FRONT WHEEL TURNING ANGLE
1. Set wheels in straight-ahead position. Move vehicle forward
until front wheels rest properly on turning radius gauge. EC
2. Rotate steering wheel all the way right and left; measure
turning angle.
b Turn steering wheel to full lock and apply force (at circum- FE
ference of steering wheel) of 98 to 147 N (10 to 15 kg, 22
to 33 lb) with engine at idle.
b Do not hold the steering wheel on full lock for more CL
than 15 seconds.
SFA439BA
Wheel turning angle (Full turn):
Refer to SDS, FA-28. MT
AT
FA
RA
BR
Drive Shaft
Check for grease leakage or other damage.
ST
RS
BT
SFA310B
HA
EL
IDX
FA-9
FRONT AXLE
AFA173
FA-10
FRONT AXLE
Wheel Hub and Knuckle
REMOVAL
CAUTION: GI
Before removing the front axle assembly, disconnect the
ABS wheel sensor from the assembly. Move it away from
the front axle assembly area. Failure to do so may result in MA
damaged sensor wires and the sensor becoming inopera-
tive.
1. Remove wheel bearing lock nut. EM
SFA090A
2. Remove brake caliper assembly and rotor. LC
b Brake hose need not be disconnected from brake cali-
per. EC
b Suspend brake caliper with wire so as not to stretch
brake hose.
b Make sure brake hose is not twisted. FE
b Be careful not to depress brake pedal, or caliper piston
will pop out.
CL
SFA701
MT
3. Separate tie-rod from knuckle with Tool.
b Install stud nut conversely on stud bolt to prevent dam-
age to stud bolt. AT
FA
RA
AFA128
BR
4. Remove strut lower mounting bolts.
ST
RS
BT
AFA047
HA
5. Separate drive shaft from knuckle by lightly tapping it. If it
is hard to remove, use a puller.
b When removing drive shaft, cover boots with shop EL
towel to prevent damaging them.
IDX
SFA986
FA-11
FRONT AXLE
Wheel Hub and Knuckle (Cont'd)
6. Loosen lower ball joint tightening nut.
7. Separate knuckle from lower ball joint stud with Tool.
8. Remove knuckle from transverse link.
SFA345B
INSTALLATION
1. Install knuckle with wheel hub.
b Replace strut lower mounting nuts.
b When installing knuckle to strut, be sure to hold bolts
while tightening nuts.
: 167 - 186 N m (17 - 19 kg-m, 123 - 137 ft-lb)
2. Tighten tie-rod ball joint nut.
: 29 - 39 N m (3.0 - 4.0 kg-m, 22 - 29 ft-lb)
b Apply ATF to threaded portion of drive shaft and both
sides of plain washer.
SFA441B
3. Install brake caliper assembly and rotor.
b Make sure brake hose is not twisted.
4. Tighten wheel bearing lock nut.
: 235 - 314 N m (24 - 32 kg-m, 174 - 231 ft-lb)
5. Check wheel bearing axial end play.
Axial end play:
0.05 mm (0.0020 in) or less.
DISASSEMBLY
CAUTION:
When removing wheel hub or wheel bearing from knuckle,
replace wheel bearing assembly (outer race, inner race and
grease seals) with a new one.
Wheel bearing does not usually require maintenance. If any
of the following symptoms are noted, replace wheel bear-
ing assembly.
b Growling noise is emitted from wheel bearing during opera-
tion.
AFA130
b Wheel bearing drags or turns roughly. This occurs when
turning hub by hand after bearing lock nut is tightened to
specified torque.
Wheel hub
Press out hub with inner race (outside) from knuckle with a
suitable tool.
FA-12
FRONT AXLE
Wheel Hub and Knuckle (Cont'd)
Wheel bearing
When replacing wheel bearing, replace wheel bearing
assembly (inner race and outer race). GI
1. Remove bearing inner race (outside), then remove outer
grease seal.
MA
EM
SFA654A
2. Remove inner grease seal from knuckle. LC
EC
FE
CL
AFA127
MT
3. Remove inner and outer snap rings.
AT
FA
RA
SFA685
BR
4. Press out bearing outer race.
ST
RS
BT
SFA496A
HA
INSPECTION
Wheel hub and knuckle
EL
Check wheel hub and knuckle for cracks by using a magnetic
exploration or dyeing test.
IDX
Snap ring
Check snap ring for wear or cracks. Replace if necessary.
FA-13
FRONT AXLE
Wheel Hub and Knuckle (Cont'd)
ASSEMBLY
1. Install inner snap ring into groove of knuckle.
2. Press new wheel bearing assembly into knuckle.
Maximum load P:
29 kN (3 ton, 3.3 US ton, 3.0 lmp ton)
CAUTION:
b Do not press inner race of wheel bearing assembly.
b Do not apply oil or grease to mating surfaces of wheel
bearing outer race and knuckle.
3. Install outer snap ring into groove of knuckle.
SFA655A
4. Pack grease seal lip with multi-purpose grease.
SFA747
5. Install outer grease seal.
Maximum load P:
10 kN (1 ton, 1.1 US ton, 1.0 Imp ton)
SFA656A
6. Install inner grease seal.
Maximum load P:
10 kN (1 ton, 1.1 US ton, 1.0 Imp ton)
SFA657A
7. Press wheel hub into knuckle.
Maximum load P:
29 kN (3 ton, 3.3 US ton, 3.0 Imp ton)
b Be careful not to damage grease seal.
SFA658A
FA-14
FRONT AXLE
Wheel Hub and Knuckle (Cont'd)
8. Check bearing operation.
a. Add load P with press.
Load P: GI
34.3 - 68.7 kN
(3.5 - 7.0 ton, 3.9 - 7.7 US ton, 3.44 - 6.89 Imp
ton) MA
EM
SFA659A
b. Spin knuckle several turns in both directions. LC
c. Make sure that wheel bearings operate smoothly.
EC
FE
CL
SFA182A
MT
Drive Shaft
REMOVAL
AT
1. Remove wheel bearing lock nut.
b Brake caliper need not be disconnected.
b Do not twist or stretch brake hose when moving com- FA
ponents.
RA
SFA649A
BR
2. Remove strut lower mounting bolts.
3. Remove brake hose clip.
ST
RS
BT
AFA047
HA
4. Separate drive shaft from knuckle by slightly tapping it.
When removing drive shaft, cover boots with shop towel to
prevent damage to them. EL
Refer to FRONT AXLE -- Wheel Hub and Knuckle, FA-11.
IDX
SFA496B
FA-15
FRONT AXLE
Drive Shaft (Cont'd)
5. Remove support bearing bolts and pull drive shaft from trans-
axle.
SFA989
6. Remove left drive shaft with a suitable tool.
-- FOR M/T MODELS --
b Pry drive shaft from transaxle as shown at left.
SFA991
-- FOR A/T MODELS --
b Insert screwdriver into transaxle opening for right drive shaft
and strike with a hammer.
b Be careful not to damage pinion mate shaft and side
gear.
AFA035
INSTALLATION
Transaxle side
1. Drive a new oil seal to transaxle. Refer to MT or AT sections
(``Differential Side Oil Seal Replacement'', ``ON-VEHICLE
SERVICE'').
2. Set Tool along the inner circumference of oil seal (transaxle
side).
AFA033
FA-16
FRONT AXLE
Drive Shaft (Cont'd)
3. Insert drive shaft into transaxle. Be sure to properly align the
serrations and then withdraw Tool.
4. Push drive shaft, then press-fit circular clip on the drive
GI
shaft into circular clip groove of side gear.
5. After its insertion, try to pull the flange out of the slide joint
by hand. If it pulls out, the circular clip is not properly
MA
meshed with the side gear.
Wheel side
1. Install drive shaft into knuckle. EM
2. Tighten wheel bearing lock nut. Refer to FA-12.
AFA034
COMPONENTS LC
CAUTION:
b Circular clips should be properly meshed with differential side gear (transaxle side) and with
joint assembly (wheel side). Make sure they will not come out. EC
b Be careful not to damage boots. Use suitable protector or cloth during removal and installa-
tion.
FE
CL
MT
AT
FA
RA
BR
ST
RS
BT
AFA133
HA
DISASSEMBLY
Transaxle side
EL
1. Remove boot bands.
2. Put matching marks on slide joint housing and inner race,
before separating joint assembly. IDX
3. Remove snap ring ``A'' with a screwdriver, and pull out slide
joint housing.
SFA476
FA-17
FRONT AXLE
Drive Shaft (Cont'd)
4. Put matching marks on inner race and drive shaft.
5. Remove snap ring ``C'', then remove ball cage, inner race
and balls as a unit.
6. Remove snap ring ``B''.
7. Draw out boot.
b Cover drive shaft serrations with tape so as not to dam-
age the boot.
SFA514A
Wheel side
CAUTION:
The joint on the wheel side cannot be disassembled.
1. Before separating joint assembly, put matching marks on
drive shaft and joint assembly.
2. Separate joint assembly with a suitable tool.
b Be careful not to damage threads on drive shaft.
3. Remove boot bands.
SFA092A
4. Remove the sensor rotor using suitable puller and bearing
replacer.
SBR984C
Support bearing
1. Remove dust shield.
SFA442B
2. Remove snap ring.
SFA692
FA-18
FRONT AXLE
Drive Shaft (Cont'd)
3. Press support bearing assembly off drive shaft.
GI
MA
EM
SFA693
4. Separate support bearing from retainer. LC
EC
FE
CL
SFA617
MT
INSPECTION
Thoroughly clean all parts in cleaning solvent, then dry with
compressed air. Check parts for evidence of deformation or AT
other damage.
Drive shaft FA
Replace drive shaft if it is twisted or cracked.
RA
Boot
Check boot for fatigue, cracks, or wear. Replace boot with new
boot bands. BR
Joint assembly (Transaxle side)
Replace joint assembly if it is deformed, damaged or operates ST
abnormally.
Joint assembly (Wheel side) RS
Replace joint assembly if it is deformed, damaged or operates
abnormally. BT
Support bearing
Make sure wheel bearing rolls freely and is free from noise, HA
cracks, pitting or wear.
Support bearing bracket EL
Check support bearing bracket for cracks with a magnetic explo-
ration or dyeing test. IDX
FA-19
FRONT AXLE
Drive Shaft (Cont'd)
ASSEMBLY
CAUTION:
b After drive shaft has been assembled, ensure that it
moves smoothly over its entire range without binding.
b Use Genuine NISSAN grease or equivalent after every
overhaul.
Wheel side
1. Install boot and new small boot band on drive shaft.
b Cover drive shaft serration with tape so as not to dam-
age boot during installation.
SFA800
2. Set joint assembly onto drive shaft by lightly tapping it.
Make sure joint assembly matching marks which were
made during disassembly are properly aligned.
SFA130A
3. Pack drive shaft with specified amount of grease.
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