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ENGINE COOLING SYSTEM

B ENGINE

ENGINE COOLING SYSTEM
SECTION CO CO

E
CONTENTS
PRECAUTIONS ......................................................... 2. COOLING FAN ......................................................... 18
. F
Precautions for Liquid Gasket ................................. 2 . Removal and Installation ....................................... 18 .
LIQUID GASKET APPLICATION PROCEDURE 2 ..... REMOVAL .......................................................... 18
.
PREPARATION .......................................................... 3
. INSTALLATION .................................................. 18 . G
Special Service Tools .............................................. 3. INSPECTION AFTER INSTALLATION ............... 18 .
Commercial Service Tools ....................................... 3 . Disassembly and Assembly ................................... 19 .
OVERHEATING CAUSE ANALYSIS ......................... 4 . DISASSEMBLY .................................................. 19 .
H
Troubleshooting Chart ............................................. 4 . INSPECTION AFTER DISASSEMBLY ............... 19 .
COOLING SYSTEM ................................................... 6 . ASSEMBLY ........................................................ 19.
Cooling Circuit ......................................................... 6
. WATER PUMP ......................................................... 20.
System Chart .......................................................... 7
. Removal and Installation ....................................... 20 . I
ENGINE COOLANT ................................................... 8 . REMOVAL .......................................................... 20
.
Inspection ................................................................ 8
. INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL ...................... 21 .
CHECKING ENGINE COOLANT LEVEL ............. 8 . INSTALLATION .................................................. 21 . J
CHECKING LEAKAGE ........................................ 8 . INSPECTION AFTER INSTALLATION ............... 21 .
Changing Engine Coolant ....................................... 8 . THERMOSTAT AND WATER CONTROL VALVE ... 22
DRAINING ENGINE COOLANT .......................... 8 . Removal and Installation ....................................... 22 .
K
REFILLING ENGINE COOLANT ......................... 9 . REMOVAL .......................................................... 22
.
FLUSHING COOLING SYSTEM ........................ 10 . INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL ...................... 23 .
RADIATOR ................................................................11
. INSTALLATION .................................................. 23 .
Removal and Installation ........................................11 . INSPECTION AFTER INSTALLATION ............... 23 . L
REMOVAL ...........................................................11
. SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS) ..... 24 .
INSTALLATION .................................................. 12 . Standard and Limit ................................................. 24
.
INSPECTION AFTER INSTALLATION .............. 12 . ENGINE COOLANT CAPACITY (APPROXI- M
Checking Radiator Cap ......................................... 12 . MATE) ................................................................. 24
.
Checking Radiator ................................................. 12. RADIATOR ......................................................... 24
.
RADIATOR (ALUMINUM TYPE) ............................. 14 . THERMOSTAT ................................................... 24 .
Disassembly and Assembly .................................. 14 . WATER CONTROL VALVE ................................ 24 .
PREPARATION .................................................. 14 .
DISASSEMBLY .................................................. 14 .
ASSEMBLY ........................................................ 15.
INSPECTION ..................................................... 17 .

Revision: 2005 March CO-1 2005 X-Trail
PRECAUTIONS

PRECAUTIONS PFP:00001

Precautions for Liquid Gasket ABS00CK4

LIQUID GASKET APPLICATION PROCEDURE
1. Remove old liquid gasket adhering to the liquid gasket application surface and the mating surface.
q Remove liquid gasket completely from the liquid gasket application surface, mounting bolts, and bolt
holes.
2. Wipe the liquid gasket application surface and the mating surface with white gasoline (lighting and heating
use) to remove adhering moisture, grease and foreign materials.
3. Attach liquid gasket tube to the tube presser [SST: WS39930000
( -- )].
Use Genuine RTV Silicone Sealant or equivalent. Refer to
GI-48, "RECOMMENDED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS AND
SEALANTS" .
q Within 5 minutes of liquid gasket application, install the mating
component.
q If liquid gasket protrudes, wipe it off immediately.

q Do not retighten mounting bolts or nuts after the installation.

q Wait 30 minutes or more after installation before refilling
EMA0622D
engine oil and engine coolant.

Revision: 2005 March CO-2 2005 X-Trail
PREPARATION

PREPARATION PFP:00002
A
Special Service Tools ABS00CK5

The actual shapes of Kent-Moore tools may differ from those of special service tools illustrated here.
Tool number CO
(Kent-Moore No.) Description
Tool name

EG17650301 Adapting radiator cap tester to radiator cap
C
(J33984-A) and radiator filler neck
Radiator cap tester adapter a: 28 (1.10) dia.
b: 31.4 (1.236) dia.
c: 41.3 (1.626) dia. D
Unit: mm (in)

S-NT564

KV99103510 Installing radiator upper and lower tanks
E
( -- )
Radiator plate pliers A
F

S-NT224
G
KV99103520 Removing radiator upper and lower tanks
( -- )
Radiator plate pliers B
H

I
S-NT225

WS39930000 Pressing the tube of liquid gasket
( -- )
Tube presser J

K
S-NT052

Commercial Service Tools ABS00CK6
L
Tool name Description

Power tool Loosening nuts and bolts M

PBIC0190E

Radiator cap tester Checking radiator and radiator cap

PBIC1982E

Revision: 2005 March CO-3 2005 X-Trail
OVERHEATING CAUSE ANALYSIS

OVERHEATING CAUSE ANALYSIS PFP:00012

Troubleshooting Chart ABS00CK7

Symptom Check items
Water pump malfunction Worn or loose drive belt
Thermostat and water con-
--
trol valve stuck closed
Dust contamination or
Poor heat transfer --
Damaged fins paper clogging
Physical damage
Clogged radiator cooling Excess foreign material
tube (rust, dirt, sand, etc.)
Cooling fan does not oper-
ate
Reduced air flow High resistance to fan rota- Fan assembly --
tion
Damaged fan blades
Damaged radiator shroud -- -- --

Cooling sys- Improper engine coolant
-- -- --
tem parts mixture ratio
malfunction Poor engine coolant quality -- Engine coolant viscosity --
Loose clamp
Cooling hose
Cracked hose
Water pump Poor sealing
Loose
Radiator cap
Poor sealing
Engine coolant leaks
O-ring for damage, deterio-
Insufficient engine coolant ration or improper fitting
Radiator
Cracked radiator tank
Cracked radiator core
Reservoir tank Cracked reservoir tank
Cylinder head deterioration
Exhaust gas leaks into
Overflowing reservoir tank Cylinder head gasket dete-
cooling system
rioration

Revision: 2005 March CO-4 2005 X-Trail
OVERHEATING CAUSE ANALYSIS

Symptom Check items
A
High engine rpm under no
load
Driving in low gear for
Abusive driving CO
extended time
Driving at extremely high
speed
-- Overload on engine C
Power train system mal-
function
Installed improper size
Except cool- --
wheels and tires D
ing system
parts mal- Dragging brakes
function
Improper ignition timing
E
Blocked bumper --
Installed car brassiere
Blocked radiator grille Mud contamination or F
Blocked or restricted air paper clogging --
flow
Blocked radiator --
Blocked condenser G
Blocked air flow
Installed large fog lamp

Revision: 2005 March CO-5 2005 X-Trail
COOLING SYSTEM

COOLING SYSTEM PFP:21020

Cooling Circuit ABS00CK8

PBIC2728E

Revision: 2005 March CO-6 2005 X-Trail
COOLING SYSTEM

System Chart ABS00CK9

PBIC2727E I

Revision: 2005 March CO-7 2005 X-Trail
ENGINE COOLANT

ENGINE COOLANT PFP:KQ100

Inspection ABS00CKA

CHECKING ENGINE COOLANT LEVEL
q Check if the reservoir tank engine coolant level is within "MIN" to
"MAX" range when the engine is cool.
q Adjust engine coolant level as necessary.

SMA412B

CHECKING LEAKAGE
q To check for leakage, apply pressure to the cooling system with
a radiator cap tester (commercial service tool) and the radiator
cap tester adapter [SST].
Testing pressure:
157 kPa (1.6 kg/cm2 , 23 psi)
WARNING:
Do not remove radiator cap when the engine is hot. Serious
burns could occur from high-pressure engine coolant
escaping from radiator.
CAUTION: SLC756A

Higher test pressure than specified may cause radiator
damage.
NOTE:
In a case that engine coolant decreases, replenish radiator with engine coolant.
q If anything is found, repair or replace the damaged parts.
Changing Engine Coolant ABS00CKB

WARNING:
q To avoid being scalded, do not change engine coolant when the engine is hot.
q Wrap a thick cloth around radiator cap and carefully remove the cap. First, turn the cap a quarter
of a turn to release built-up pressure. Then turn the cap all the way.
q Be careful not to allow engine coolant to contact drive belt.
DRAINING ENGINE COOLANT
1. Remove RH and LH undercovers.
2. Open radiator drain plug at the bottom of radiator, and then
remove radiator cap.

PBIC2250E

When drain all of engine coolant in the system, open water drain plug on cylinder block. Refer to
EM-82, "CYLINDER BLOCK" .
3. Remove reservoir tank as necessary, and drain engine coolant and clean reservoir tank before installing.
Revision: 2005 March CO-8 2005 X-Trail
ENGINE COOLANT

4. Check drained engine coolant for contaminants such as rust, corrosion or discoloration. If contaminated,
flush the engine cooling system. Refer to CO-10, "FLUSHING COOLING SYSTEM" . A
REFILLING ENGINE COOLANT
1. Install reservoir tank if removed, and radiator drain plug.
CO
CAUTION:
Be sure to clean drain plug and install with new O-ring.
q If water drain plug on cylinder block is removed, close and tighten it. Refer to EM-82, "CYLIN-
DER BLOCK" . C
2. Make sure that each hose clamp has been firmly tightened.
3. Fill radiator and reservoir tank to the specified level.
D
q Pour engine coolant through engine coolant filler neck
slowly of less than 2 (2-1/8 US qt, 1-3/4 lmp qt) a minute
to allow air in system to escape.
E
q Use Genuine Nissan Long Life Antifreeze/ Coolant or
equivalent mixed with water (distilled or demineralized).
Refer to MA-11, "RECOMMENDED FLUIDS AND LUBRI-
CANTS" . F
Engine coolant capacity
(With reservoir tank at "MAX" level) SMA182B

: Approx. 7.1 (7-1/2 US qt, 6-1/4 lmp qt) G

Reservoir tank engine coolant capacity H
(At "MAX" level)
: 0.7 (3/4 US qt, 5/8 lmp qt)
I

SMA412B
K
4. Install radiator cap.
5. Warm up until opening thermostat and water control valve. Standard for warming-up time is approximately
10 minutes at 3,000 rpm. L
q Make sure thermostat opening condition by touching radiator hose (lower) to see a flow of warm water.

CAUTION:
Watch water temperature gauge so as not to overheat the engine. M
6. Stop the engine and cool down to less than approximately 50

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