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DI-3
DIAGNOSTICS - ENGINE (5VZ-FE)
DI8XG-01
PRE-CHECK
1. DIAGNOSIS SYSTEM
(a) Description
S When troubleshooting OBD II vehicles, the only dif-
ference from the usual troubleshooting procedure
is that you connect the vehicle to the OBD II scan
tool complying with SAE J1978 or TOYOTA hand-
held tester, and read off various data output from
the vehicle's ECM.
S OBD II regulations require that the vehicle's on-
board computer lights up the Malfunction Indicator
Lamp (MIL) on the instrument panel when the com-
puter detects a malfunction in the emission control
system/components or in the powertrain control
components which affect vehicle emissions, or a
malfunction in the computer. In addition to the MIL
lighting up when a malfunction is detected, the ap-
A00032 plicable Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) pre-
scribed by SAE J2012 are recorded in the ECM
memory (See page DI-13 ).
If the malfunction does not reoccur in 3 consecutive trips, the
MIL goes off but the DTCs remain recorded in the ECM memory.
TOYOTA Hand-Held Tester S To check the DTC, connect the OBD II scan tool or
TOYOTA hand-held tester to the Data Link Con-
nector 3 (DLC3) on the vehicle. The OBD II scan
tool or TOYOTA hand-held tester also enables you
to erase the DTC and check freezed frame data and
various forms of engine data (For operating instruc-
tions, see the OBD II scan tool's instruction book.).
DTC include SAE controlled codes and manufac-
DLC3 A00026 turer controlled codes. SAE controlled codes must
be set as prescribed by the SAE, while manufactur-
er controlled codes can be set freely by the
manufacturer within the prescribed limits (See DTC
chart on page DI-13 ).
2002 4RUNNER (RM887U)
Author : Date : 179
DI-4
DIAGNOSTICS - ENGINE (5VZ-FE)
S The diagnosis system operates in normal mode
during normal vehicle use. It also has a check mode
for technicians to simulate malfunction symptoms
and troubleshoot. Most DTC use 2 trip detection
logic* to prevent erroneous detection, and ensure
thorough malfunction detection. By switching the
ECM to check mode when troubleshooting, the
technician can cause the MIL to light up for a mal-
function that is only detected once or momentarily
(TOYOTA hand-held tester only). (See step 2)
S *2 trip detection logic:
When a malfunction is 1st detected, the malfunction
is temporarily stored in the ECM memory. (1st trip)
If the same malfunction is detected again during the second
drive test, this second detection causes the MIL to light up. (2nd
trip) (However, the ignition switch must be turned OFF between
the 1st trip and 2nd trip.).
S Freeze frame data:
Freeze frame data records the engine condition
when a misfire (DTCs P0300 - P0306) or fuel trim
malfunction (DTCs P0171,P0172, P0174 and
P0175) or other malfunction (first malfunction only),
is detected. Because freeze frame data records the
engine conditions (fuel system, calculated load, en-
gine coolant temperature, fuel trim, engine speed,
vehicle speed, etc.) when the malfunction is de-
tected. When troubleshooting, it is useful for deter-
mining whether the vehicle was running or stopped,
the engine was warmed up or not, the air-fuel ratio
was lean or rich, etc. at the time of the malfunction.
Priorities for troubleshooting:
If troubleshooting priorities for multiple DTC are given in the ap-
plicable DTC chart, these should be followed.
If no instructions are given, troubleshoot DTC according to the
following priorities.
(1) DTC other than fuel trim malfunction (DTCs P0171,
P0172, P0174 and P0175) and misfire (DTCs
P0300 - P0306).
(2) Fuel trim malfunction (DTCs P0171, P0172, P0174
and P0175).
(3) Misfire (DTCs P0300 - P0306).
2002 4RUNNER (RM887U)
Author : Date : 180
DI-5
DIAGNOSTICS - ENGINE (5VZ-FE)
(b) Check the DLC3.
The vehicle's ECM uses ISO 9141-2 for communication.
The terminal arrangement of the DLC3 complies with
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 SAE J1962 and matches the ISO 9141-2 format.
9 10 11 12 1314 15 16
DLC3
A04550
Terminal No. Connection/Voltage or Resistance Condition
7 Bus Line/Pulse generation During transmission
4 Chassis Ground Body Ground/1 or less Always
5 Signal Ground Body Ground/1 or less Always
16 Battery Positive Body Ground/9 - 14 V Always
HINT:
If your display shows UNABLE TO CONNECT TO VEHICLE
when you have connected the cable of the OBD II scan tool or
TOYOTA hand-held tester to the DLC3, turned the ignition
switch ON and operated the scan tool, there is a problem on the
vehicle side or tool side.
S If communication is normal when the tool is connected to
another vehicle, inspect the DLC3 on the original vehicle.
S If communication is still not possible when the tool is con-
nected to another vehicle, the problem is probably in the
tool itself, so consult the Service Department listed in the
tool's instruction manual.
2. INSPECT DIAGNOSIS (Normal Mode)
(a) Check the MIL.
(1) The MIL comes on when the ignition switch is turned
ON and the engine is not running.
HINT:
If the MIL does not light up, troubleshoot the combination meter
(See page BE-2 ).
(2) When the engine started, the MIL should go off. If
A00032 the lamp remains on, the diagnosis system has de-
tected a malfunction or abnormality in the system.
(b) Check the DTC.
NOTICE:
S If there is no DTC in the normal mode, check the 1st
trip DTC using Continuous Test Results function
(Mode 7 for SAE J1979) on the OBDII scan tool or TOY-
OTA hand-held tester.
2002 4RUNNER (RM887U)
Author : Date : 181
DI-6
DIAGNOSTICS - ENGINE (5VZ-FE)
S TOYOTA hand-held tester only:
When the diagnosis system is switched from the nor-
mal mode to the check mode, it erases all DTC and
freezed frame data recorded in the normal mode. So
before switching modes, always check the DTC and
freezed frame data, and note them down.
(1) Prepare the OBD II scan tool (complying with SAE
J1978) or TOYOTA hand-held tester.
(2) Connect the OBD II scan tool or TOYOTA hand-
held tester to the DLC3 at the lower center of the
instrument panel.
(3) Turn the ignition switch ON and push the OBD II
scan tool or TOYOTA hand-held tester switch ON.
(4) Use the OBD II scan tool or TOYOTA hand-held
tester to check the DTC and freezed frame data and
note them down (For operating instructions, see the
OBD II scan tool's instruction book.).
If there is no DTC in the normal mode, check the 1st trip DTC
using Continuous Test Results function (Mode 7 for SAE J1979)
on the OBDII scan tool or TOYOTA hand-held tester.
(5) See page DI-3 to confirm the details of the DTC.
NOTICE:
S When simulating symptoms with an OBD II scan tool
(excluding TOYOTA hand-held tester) to check the
DTC, use the normal mode. For code on the DTC chart
subject to "2 trip detection logic", performe the fol-
lowing either action.
S Turn the ignition switch OFF after the symptom is
simulated the 1st time. Then repeat the simulation
process again. When the problem has been simulated
twice, the MIL lights up and the DTCs are recorded in
the ECM.
S Check the 1st trip DTC using Mode 7 (Continuous Test
Results) for SAE J1979.
(c) Clear the DTC.
The DTCs and freezed frame data will be erased by either
action.
S Operating the OBD II scan tool (complying
with SAE J1978) or TOYOTA hand-held tes-
ter to erase the codes. (See the OBD II scan
tool's instruction book for operating instruc-
tions.)
S Disconnecting the battery terminals or EFI
fuse.
2002 4RUNNER (RM887U)
Author : Date : 182
DI-7
DIAGNOSTICS - ENGINE (5VZ-FE)
NOTICE:
If the TOYOTA hand-held tester switches the ECM from the
normal mode to the check mode or vice-versa, or if the
ignition switch is turned from ON to ACC or OFF during the
check mode, the DTCs and freezed frame data will be
erased.
3. INSPECT DIAGNOSIS (Check Mode)
HINT:
TOYOTA hand-held tester only:
Compared to the normal mode, the check mode has an in-
creased sensitivity to detect malfunctions. Furthermore, the
same diagnostic items which are detected in the normal mode
can also be detected in the check mode.
(a) Check the DTC.
(1) Initial conditions.
S Battery positive voltage 11 V or more
S Throttle valve fully closed
S Transmission in P or N position
S A/C switched OFF
(2) Turn the ignition switch OFF.
(3) Prepare the TOYOTA hand-held tester.
(4) Connect the TOYOTA hand- held tester to the
DLC3 at the lower center of the instrument panel.
(5) Turn the ignition switch ON and push the TOYOTA
hand-held tester switch ON.
(6) Switch the TOYOTA hand-held tester from the nor-
Flashing
mal mode to the check mode (Check that the MIL
flashes.).
ON NOTICE:
If the TOYOTA hand-held tester switches the ECM from the
OFF normal mode to the check mode or vice-versa, or if the
ignition switch is turned from ON to ACC or OFF during the
check mode, the DTC and freezed frame data will be
0.13 Seconds erased.
FI3605
(7) Start the engine (The MIL goes out after the engine
start.).
(8) Simulate the conditions of the malfunction de-
scribed by the customer.
NOTICE:
Leave the ignition switch ON until you have checked the
DTC, etc.
(9) After simulating the malfunction conditions, use the
TOYOTA hand-held tester diagnosis selector to
check the DTC and freezed frame data, etc.
2002 4RUNNER (RM887U)
Author : Date : 183
DI-8
DIAGNOSTICS - ENGINE (5VZ-FE)
HINT:
Take care not to turn the ignition switch OFF. Turning the ignition
switch OFF switches the diagnosis system from check mode to
normal mode. So all DTC, etc. are erased.
(10) After checking the DTC, inspect the applicable cir-
cuit.
4. FAIL-SAFE CHART
If any of the following codes is recorded, the ECM enters fail-safe mode.
DTC No. Fail-Safe Operation Fail-Safe Deactivation Conditions
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