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DIAGNOSTICS - NAVIGATION SYSTEM
05FG4-04
IDENTIFICATION OF NOISE SOURCE
1. Radio Description
(a) Radio frequency band
(1) Radio Broadcasts use the radio frequency bands shown in the table below.
Frequency 30 kHz 300 kHz 3 MHz 30 MHz 300 MHz
Designation LF MF HF VHF
AM FM
Radio wave
Modulation Amplitude modulation Frequency modulation
LF: Low Frequency
MF: Medium Frequency
HF: High Frequency
VHF: Very High Frequency
(b) Service area
(1) The service areas of the AM and FM broadcasts are
vastly different. Even if an AM broadcast has clear
reception, an FM broadcast originating in the same
location may not be received at all.
FM (Stereo) The service area of FM stereo broadcasts is small,
FM (Monaural) and static as well as interference (noise) easily en-
AM ters the signal.
BE2818
2005 SIENNA REPAIR MANUAL (RM1163U)
Author : Date : 1448
05-1266
DIAGNOSTICS - NAVIGATION SYSTEM
(c) Radio reception problems
HINT:
In addition to static, other problems such as "phasing", "multipath", and "fade out" exist. These problems are
not caused by electrical noise, but by the radio signal propagation method itself.
Phasing: Ionosphere (1) Phasing
The AM frequency band reflects off the earth's iono-
sphere at night. When this occurs, the reflected sig-
nal may interfere with the direct signal sent by the
same transmitter. This phenomenon is known as
"phasing".
BE2819
Multipath: (2) Multipath
A radio signal can sometimes be reflected by an ob-
struction in its path. When this occurs, the reflected
signal may interfere with the direct signal sent from
the transmitter. This phenomenon is known as "Mul-
tipath".
BE2820
Fade Out: (3) Fade out
FM radio frequency is higher than AM. Therefore, it
is more likely to be reflected by large obstructions
such as tall buildings or mountains. For this reason,
the FM signal will gradually weaken or disappear
when the vehicle is behind such obstructions. This
phenomenon is known as "fade out".
BE2821
(d) Noise problem
It is very important for a technician to understand the specifics of the noise problem. To diagnose the
symptom, use the table below.
Radio Frequency Noise occurrence condition Presumable cause
AM Noise occurs in a specified area Foreign noise
An identical program transmitted from multiple
Noise occurs when listening to an intermittent
AM towers can cause noise where the signals over-
broadcast
lap
AM Noise occurs only at night Music beat from a far-off broadcast
Multipath or phasing noise resulting from a
FM Noise occurs while driving in a specified area
change in FM frequency
HINT:
If the noise does not fall into any category in the table above, determine the cause using "Radio reception
problems" above. Refer to the multipath and phasing sections.
2005 SIENNA REPAIR MANUAL (RM1163U)
Author : Date : 1449
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