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ZR38601
DATA SHEET PROGRAMMABLE DIGITAL AUDIO PROCESSOR
FEATURES
s Standard High Performance Functions in ROM - Formatted S/PDIF receiver with up to 96 kHz sample rate
- Dolby Digital AC-3, 5.1 channel and 2 channel decoding - Sample rates: 32 kHz, 44.1 kHz, 48 kHz or 96 kHz
up to 640 Kbits per second - Formatted S/PDIF AC-3 and MPEG transmitter output
- Dolby Pro Logic encoding and decoding s Low System Cost
- MPEG1 and MPEG2 two channel decoding with MPEG2 - Host-less operation with no glue chips
PES stream parsing, PTS decoding and SCR handling - Separate internal PLLs for DSP core and audio I/O
s Downloadable SiliconSoftwareTM Functions - No external RAM required for 5.1 Dolby AC-3/MPEG2
- Aureal A3D, Dolby Virtual Surround, Harman VMAx - Wait-state generation for low-cost external memory
- QSound QSurroundTM, Spatializer N-2-2TM, Home THX - 100-pin Plastic Quad Flat Pack (PQFP) packaging
- SRS TruSurround, Music Modes - 3.3 V supply with 5 V compatible I/O for low power
- Bass Management and multi-channel downmix s Software and Hardware PC Development Environment
s Flexible Input/Output - Assembler/Linker/Simulator
- Serial and/or parallel data stream I/O - On-chip ICE support with direct PC connection
- Serial SPI, serial Z2C or 8-bit parallel host interface - ZR38600DB Demonstration Board with 6 analog outputs,
- 3 serial input data ports and 4 serial data output ports microphone and line inputs, and optional PC connection
DESCRIPTION
The Zoran ZR38601 is a high performance programmable digital provide eight channels of output, analog input, long-delay mem-
audio signal processor capable of real-time single-chip decoding ories, custom operating features and the ability to be upgraded
of Dolby Digital AC-3 5.1-channel and MPEG2 digital surround with downloaded SiliconSoftwareTM product enhancements. Yet
algorithms. It is the fourth generation decoder made by Zoran, all of this flexibility comes without design complexity. Highly con-
being based on the proven ZR38000, ZR38500 and ZR38600 figurable standard functions with a simple command structure
architectures. Hardware block floating-point makes it optimum minimize software development, while a full set of development
for Dolby AC-3 and complex digital audio signal processing tools are available for the highly-custom product developer.
applications.
The ZR38601 is suitable for primarily audio applications such as
Because of its programmable high performance and high level of Audio/Visual home theater receivers, Digital Audio Broadcast
integration, the ZR38601 is unusually flexible in meeting a wide (DAB), 3-D audio, six-channel speaker systems and Karaoke
range of system requirements at the lowest possible system processors; primarily video applications like SDTV and HDTV
cost. At the low end it can provide standard fixed decoding func- stereo television receivers, digital cable and satellite TV set-top
tions with only a DAC and an optical interface for the S/PDIF boxes; and multimedia applications with both audio and video
input in addition to the oscillator crystal. At the high end it can like Multimedia PCs and the Digital Video Disk (DVD) players.
Encoded Data Host Decoded Audio
Input Processor Outputs
(Optional)
XTAL
SPI or Z2C Serial Interface
Left
DAC
Right
Left Surround
S/PDIF DAC
Right Surround
S/PDIF Input Optical ZR38601
Interface Center
DAC
Subwoofer
DAC Left Center
(Optional) Right Center
General Purpose Control I/O
Figure 1. A Typical Low-Parts-Count ZR38601 System
ZORAN Corporation s 3112 Scott Blvd. s Santa Clara, CA 95054 s +1 (408) 919-4111 s FAX +1 (408) 919-4122 s www.zoran.com 15 February 1999
ZR38601
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The Zoran ZR38601 is the latest digital audio processing PCM + Pro Logic
member of the ZR38000 high performance programmable
With two-channel PCM inputs the choice of functions is four-
digital signal processor product line. It is especially configured
channel Pro Logic decoding or two-channel stereo mixing,
with peripherals, I/O capability and software for digital audio.
including upmixing from only one input channel to two.
Today, quality digital audio starts with a primary decoding
function and adds appropriate data stream protocols and inter-
Left
faces with I/O configurations to match the application. The Two-Channel Pro Logic Right
ZR38601 has these primary decode and protocol software func- PCM Input Decoder Center
Surround
tions and yet has processing cycles left for additional product-
S/PDIF
distinguishing features. The ZR38601 also has the necessary
flexibility in system I/O and hardware configuration. One- or Two-
PCM Mixer
Left
Channel PCM Right
The ZR38601 is pin and instruction-set compatible with the S/PDIF
earlier ZR38600, but with a higher 50-MIPS processing rate and
larger internal program and data RAMs and ROM. These give MPEG
new 96-kHz sample rate S/PDIF decoding and increased pro-
The MPEG1 decoder accepts either MPEG1 or MPEG2 input
cessing cycles and memories for additional functions. New
streams and produces either Pro Logic DAC outputs or two-
hardware features are a programmable timer, a Z2C serial host
channel stereo in DAC form.
interface and more support for the 24-bit I/O data formats.
Left
Functions Two-Channel Two-Channel Pro Logic Right
MPEG1/MPEG2 MPEG1 Decoder Center
Stream Decoder
AC-3 and MPEG with variations are the primary decoding func- Surround
tions in use today. The ZR38601 has these and their associated S/PDIF
test function with the required set-up, operation and system Two-Channel
MPEG1 Left
functions to make them usable in an end-user product. In addi- MPEG1/MPEG2
Decoder Right
Stream
tion, an ever increasing number of SiliconSoftware functions can S/PDIF
add special enhancing and differentiating features to products.
Pink Noise
Primary Decoding and Test Functions
A six-channel pink pseudo-random noise generator function is
AC-3 included for user testing of speaker balance in their listening
The figure shows the simultaneous S/PDIF input and 5.1 space. Individual speakers can be enabled in any combination.
channel DAC (Digital-to-Analog Converter) outputs of this
Left
primary digital audio function, the six-channel AC-3 decoder.
Right
Pink Noise Left Surround
Left Generator Right Surround
Right Center
Six-Channel Six-Channel Left Surround Subwoofer
AC-3 Stream AC-3 Decoder Right Surround
Center
Subwoofer SiliconSoftwareTM Functions
S/PDIF
SiliconSoftware is a group of additional functions for the
Or with four channels of Pro Logic output in either of two DAC ZR38601 provided by Zoran or third-party suppliers that can add
forms: four channels directly or to an analog Pro Logic decoder. special features now or provide new functions in the future.
Left
3-D Audio
Six- or Two- Two-Channel Pro Logic Right
Channel AC-3 AC-3 Decoder
Currently there are six providers of 3-D audio which gives the
Center
Stream Decoder
Surround effect of a three-dimensional sound field with only two speakers.
S/PDIF These functions are Aureal A3D, Dolby Virtual Surround,
Six- or Two-
Harman VMAx, QSound QSurroundTM, Spatializer N-2-2TM and
AC-3 Lt (Pro Logic)
Channel AC-3
Decoder Rt (Pro Logic)
Stream
S/PDIF
2
ZR38601
SRS TruSurround. They work with either two- or six-channel Custom Functions, Etc.
inputs and the AC-3 or MPEG decoders.
Product designers can always add custom functions and varia-
tions, often with very simple software additions.
Operation and Set-Up Functions
3-D Audio
Six-Channel Six-Channel Left
AC-3 Stream AC-3 Decoder Right
These control the simple start and stop operation of the
decoding functions and determine the initial hardware operation
and configuration.
3-D Audio
Two-Channel Two-Channel Pro Logic Left System Functions
AC-3/MPEG1/ AC-3/MPEG1 Decoder Right
MPEG2 Stream Decoder These functions control the real-time operation including inter-
face transactions, program loading and in-circuit testing.
Bass Management
System Configurations
Selected low-frequencies can be redirected to different
The ZR38601 is highly self-contained and can work with few
speakers with Bass Management. Useful with all types of
external parts as shown in Figure 1. However it is very flexible in
decoding to compensate for the types of speakers used.
accommodating the needs of larger, higher performance
Left
DVD - Linear PCM systems. Figure 2 shows all of the possible options that are sup-
Right
ported to make a complete system. Left surround
Special provisions are included for data formats and synchroni-
Right surround
zation for AC-3/MPEG decoding with 3-D audio and bass Hosts Center
management for Digital Video Disk (DVD) applications. Subwoofer
The ZR38601 does not require a host microprocessor but if
Hall Effects/Music Modes there is one in the system it may be used to advantage. Either
the bit-serial SPI (Small Peripheral Interface) or Z2C interface,
Adds the natural acoustical effects of a performance environ-
or a byte-wide parallel interface may be used.
ment to the original recording environment.
Data Input/Output
Home THX5.1
The encoded digital input data stream can use a bit-serial or
Theater THX for use in consumer home entertainment systems.
byte-parallel interface or S/PDIF receiver with the ZR38601
Karaoke Processing either a master or slave. Up to six-channels of analog signals
can be input in bit-serial ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter)
Voice cancellation, pitch-shifting and echo and reverberation.
formats in a master or slave mode.
Host
Processor
(Optional)
XTAL
Z2C or SPI Serial Interface
ADC Left
Analog Input (Optional) DAC
Right
Bit-Serial Input Left Surround
DAC
Right Surround Decoded
S/PDIF Input ZR38601 Audio
Center
DAC Outputs
Encoded S/PDIF Subwoofer
Data Input Optical DAC Left Center
S/PDIF Input Interface (Optional) Right Center
(Optional)
Parallel Interface
Parallel Input S/PDIF
General Optical
Purpose I/O Interface Lt/Rt
(Optional)
Host Data RAM Byte-Wide
Processor or ROM Program ROM
(Optional) (Optional) (Optional)
Figure 2. ZR38601 Composite System Block Diagram
3
ZR38601
Decoded audio outputs can be up to eight channels in bit-serial gives different or additional functions when a host is not used
DAC formats or six encoded channels from the S/PDIF and allows a choice of ROM technologies to be employed for
transmitter. future upgradability. External data memory may be required for
functions with long acoustical delays, input buffering or large
Memory
data tables. Program memory interfaces are byte-wide to
External memory is not normally needed but can be added for provide minimum cost and parts count.
program and/or digital audio data. Additional program storage
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
A more complete description of the ZR38601 software's opera- with responses to control the ZR38601's operation. The utilities
tion and configurations and its hardware configurations follows. issue API calls to the functions. All of the software development
can be limited to the host microprocessor even when feature
Software - Operation types of variations in operation are based on getting information
back from the ZR38601's operation.
One of the major benefits of the ZR38601 is its ease of use for
the system developer under a broad range of system require- Alternatively, the control information in the commands can be
ments. Standard functions are easy to use, yet custom features entered in a sequence of API calls issued from a custom
can be added without falling back to custom software develop- program running internally on the ZR38601 processor. Now no
ment with complicated real-time operating system host is required.
considerations or detailed I/O protocols. This follows from the
With either a host command/response stream or API calls,
fact that all software functions are supplied with a common
custom functions in native ZR38001 code can be added without
command and response sequence for use with a host or an API
losing the benefits of the ease of use in the common structure.
(Application Programming Interface) for calling from an internal
program. And each provides for adding custom functions in not Table 1 is a summary of the commands and responses for the
just one but a series of ways which depend upon the complexity standard primary, operation and set-up functions. Note there are
of the custom function. read and write commands to the ZR38601 and responses back
from the ZR38601 to the host. Responses are due to commands
This is shown schematically in Figure 3 where the operation,
during normal operations that are in progress or from certain
set-up, primary, and SiliconSoftware functions are shown in the
specific commands with read commands following.
middle. Using the system utilities to maintain the communica-
tions with the host, the host can issue a sequence of commands
ZR38601 Resident Control Program Host Resident Control Program
Host Processor
With Control
Program
Operation and
Set-Up Functions
PLAY Operation
STOP Operation
Custom ZR38601 SETIO Set-up Command Stream Response Stream
Control Program CFG Set-up, Etc.
Set-up A Set-up A Response A
Operate A Primary Decoding,
APIs
Set-up B Test and
Operate B, Etc. SiliconSoftware
Functions
Function A System Functions
APIs
Function B Utilities
Function C, Etc.
System Functions
Monitor
Figure 3. ZR38601 Operation Control: Commands from a Host or Calls from a ZR38601 Resident Program
4
ZR38601
Table 1: Standard Function Command and Response Summary
Class Name Description
Write Command Commands to ZR38601 to perform a specific function
Primary Decoding AC3 Select AC-3 or AC-3 + Pro Logic decoder function
And Test PCMPROL Select PCM or Pro Logic decoder functions with PCM input and mixer function
Functions
MPEG Select MPEG or MPEG + Pro Logic decoder function
PNG Select pink noise generator function
USER Select user defined function
Operation PLAY Resume selected function operation and unmute audio output
Functions MUTE Mute audio output without stopping the selected operation
UNMUTE Restore muted audio output while continuing the selected operation
STOP Stop operation, retain data in input buffer and mute audio output
STOPF Stop operation, flush the data in the input buffer and mute audio output
STAT Return decoder status information using the READ command
SPDIFSTAT Return the S/PDIF input channel status
GETPTC Return the PTC and STC values for timing synchronization
NOP Not a command, does not affect operation. Will return a Progress response.
Set-Up Functions PLLTAB Set the PLL programmable registers
PLLCFG Define the PLL configuration
CFG Configure the ZR38601 I/O to the specific system hardware
SETSTC Set the system time clock and video delay
VER Return 32-bit ROM version number using the READ command
BOOT Load and execute the N parameter words of bootstrap program
SPDIFCS Write the S/PDIF output channel status
PARAM Define parameters for special functions
INTRP Interpret: load and execute four parameter words as a ZR38001 instruction
SETIO Set, test and return general purpose single-bit I/O registers
POKE Load N 32-bit words to the core processor RAM at the given start address
PEEK Read N 32-bit words from core processor RAM at the given start address
Read Command Commands to ZR38601 to return Reply words to the host
READ Command to ZR38601 to return a Reply word after specific commands
Reply Response Data words returned to the host as the result of sending specific commands followed by READ commands
AC3STATR Status and information about the AC-3 stream
PCMPROLR Status and information about the PCM or Pro Logic stream
MPEGSTATR Status and information about the MPEG stream
PNGSTATR Status and information about the PNG stream
VERR Four byte version number of ROM read by VER command
SETIOR Two words of GPIOC and GPIO registers
PLLR Two bits which indicate the PLL lock status
PEEKR N 32-bit words from core processor RAM specified by PEEK command
SPDIFSTATR S/PDIF input channel status
GETPTCR PTC and STC values of 32 bits each
Progress Response Data words returned to host in the normal process of sending any command
EXPECT Expected number of parameter words still to be received from host
ISTATUS Interpreter status
5
ZR38601
Software - Functions individual speakers can be enabled in any combination at a
single adjustable level, with or without a band-limiting filter.
Primary Decoding and Test Functions
SiliconSoftwareTM Functions
AC-3
3-D Audio
The major modes of operation of the Dolby Digital AC-3 decoder
function are summarized in Table 2. Choices are for input and There are six third-party providers of 3-D audio using the
output ports and their formats including operation with audio/vid- ZR38601. This function gives the effect of a three-dimensional
eo synchronization (AVS), constant or request driven PES sound field with only two speakers. These certified functions are
packetized inputs and the linear PCM of DVD. Aureal A3D, Dolby Virtual Surround, Harman VMAx, QSound
QSurroundTM, Spatializer N-2-2TM and SRS TruSurround. They
AC-3 input decoding rates are up to 640 kbits per second. Full
work with either two- or six-channel inputs and the AC-3, MPEG
selection can be made for speaker configuration, dynamic range
and Pro Logic decoders as shown in Table 3.
compression, downmixing, delays, filtering and error conceal-
ment strategy. The Karaoke downmixing is also supported Bass Management
including with downloaded Karaoke coefficients.
Depending upon the speakers used in a listening area, it can be
PCM + Pro Logic desirable to alter the distribution of the bass frequencies
between speakers. A choice of speaker configurations is
With two-channel PCM inputs, the choice of functions is four-
provided and of low-pass cut-off frequencies for 80, 100 or 120
channel Pro Logic decoding or two-channel stereo mixing.
Hertz in the simplest form. The full function allows the low-pass
Selection can be made for speaker configuration, downmixing,
and high-pass filter coefficients to be downloaded along with
delays and surround filtering.
individual speaker sound levels.
MPEG
Bass management works with either two- or six-channel inputs
The MPEG1 decoder function accepts either MPEG1 or MPEG2 and the AC-3, MPEG and Pro Logic decoders. It does not work
input streams and produces either Pro Logic or two-channel with 3-D audio although some 3-D audio functions include
stereo outputs in DAC form. Selection can be made for speaker certain bass management features.
configuration, dynamic range compression, downmixing, delays
DVD - Linear PCM
and surround filtering.
In addition to the audio/video synchronization (AVS) and request
Pink Noise
driven PES packetized input features of the standard decode
This is a six-channel pink (equal energy per constant proportion- functions, this DVD function has 3-D audio capability and bass
al bandwidth) pseudo-random noise generator test function. It is management. It works with two-, six- or eight-channel PCM
for user testing of speaker balance in a listening space. The six inputs and the AC-3, MPEG and Pro Logic decoders.
Table 2: Primary Decoding and Test Function Options Summary
Input Output
Primary Serial Port MPEG2 DVD
Decoding Or Data A, S/PDIF, PES PES Serial DAC
Test Function Stream Parallel AVS Packetized Packetized Function Ports S/PDIF Port G
AC3 6-Channel SA, S/P, P Yes Yes Yes 6-Channel AC-3 B,C,D Input Stream
AC-3 2-Channel Pro Logic B
encoded
2-Channel SA, S/P, P Yes Yes Yes 4-Channel Pro Logic B,C,D
AC-3 2-Channel AC-3 B
PCM + Pro Logic 2-Channel SA, S/P, P No No No 4-Channel Pro Logic B,C,D Input Stream
PCM 2-Channel PCM Mixed B
MPEG MPEG1 SA, S/P, P Yes Yes Yes 4-Channel Pro Logic B,C,D Input Stream
2-Channel MPEG1 B
MPEG2 SA, S/P, P Yes Yes Yes 4-Channel Pro Logic B,C,D
2-Channel MPEG1 B
PNG - - - - - 6-Channel Pink Noise B,C,D -
6
ZR38601
Hall Effects/Music Modes Custom Functions, Etc.
Short and long term delays and reverberation are added to mul- The User function allows developers to easily add custom func-
tichannel PCM inputs with this function. Delay coefficients are tions using their own native ZR38001 code, yet retain the ease
downloaded to simulate various acoustical environments of control of the command and response structure of the
(concert halls, churches, stadiums, etc.) ZR38601.
Home THX5.1 Operation and Set-Up Functions
This function, when used in a two-chip set connected in The operation functions, summarized in Table 1, are the real-
cascade, provides the sound of the Lucasfilm theater THX in the time start and stop commands needed for system control once
home listening environment. The input chips runs all of the the primary decoding function has been selected. Also included
standard decoding functions and passes its PCM outputs to the are commands to get the input channel and decoding status to
second chip for the THX5.1 processing which included full bass monitor on-going operation. The PTC and STC time clocks can
management, decorrelation, timbre matching and re-equaliza- also be monitored to insure audio and video synchronization.
tion and individually programmable channel delays.
The set-up functions configure both the hardware and software
Karaoke Processing before operation starts or as major operational changes are
made. Hardware configuration and initialization includes the
In addition to the Karaoke input mixing features of the standard
phase-locked loops (PLLs), system clocks and the input/output
decode functions, this is true Karaoke processing with voice
(I/O). Software can be put in place through the host processor
cancellation, pitch shifting, voice echo and reverberation and
from its I/O or memory system. It may be in the form of custom
bass management. External data memory may be required for
commands and their parameters or directly executable native
this function.
code for the core DSP processor.
Table 3: SiliconSoftware Function Options Summary
Input Output
Serial Port A,
E or F, S/PDIF, Standard Function Serial DAC
SiliconSoftware Function Parallel Source Function Ports S/PDIF Port G
3-D Audio: Aureal A3D SA, S/P, P AC-3, AC-3 + Pro Logic, 2-Channel 3-D Audio B Input Stream
PCM + Pro Logic, MPEG,
Dolby Virtual Surround
MPEG + Pro Logic
Harman VMAx
QSound QSurroundTM
Spatializer N-2-2TM
SRS TruSurround
Bass Management SA, S/P, P All of the above Redirect low frequencies B, C, D Input Stream
to different speakers
DVD SA, P All of the above + 8- Decoding, 3-D and bass B, C, D, G Input Stream
Channel PCM management Unless 8-Ch.
PCM
Hall Effects/Music Modes SA, S/P, P PCM Add room effects B, C, D Input Stream
Home Decoding Chip SA, S/P, P AC-3, AC-3+Pro Logic, Two chip set decodes and B, C, D Input Stream
THX5.1 PCM+Pro Logic, MPEG, produces THX outputs
THX Processing Chip SA, SE, SF B, C, D -
MPEG + Pro Logic
Karaoke Processing S/P & SF or SA AC-3, PCM, MPEG Voice cancellation, pitch B, C, D Input Stream
& SF shifting, echo and rever-
beration and bass
management.
7
ZR38601
System Functions configured which are related to the system hardware configura-
tion. Important considerations are if a host is used and if only
The remaining portion of the standard ZR38601 functions that
standard commands are to be used. Table 4 summarizes the
reside in every program ROM are the system functions, shown
most common configurations and their relative benefits.
schematically in Figure 4.
Figure 4 illustrates possible sources and residences of the
Monitor
software for different hardware configurations. Starting with the
This is the simple real-time operating system mini-kernel used on-chip program ROM, it can be either the standard version or
by all ZR38601 functions in normal operation. with custom functions as shown. Custom and SiliconSoftware
functions can be available for downloading into the on-chip
Utilities
program RAM from three sources as indicated by the dashed
System utilities maintain operation of the various I/O interfaces arrows. If there is no host they must be loaded from the external
that are shared between functions. These include the serial byte-wide program ROM. With a host it may be from the host's
audio data ports, the serial SPI or Z2C host interface and the own non-volatile memory (ROM or flash EPROM typically) or
parallel host interface for commands and responses. The utili- through its I/O peripherals such as on-line links or movable
ties also include the initial and reset bootstrap routine that memory media like floppy disks.
determines the start-up ROM and executes its initialization
process. Hardware - System Configurations
ICE Debug All of the hardware shown in Figure 2, the composite system
block diagram on page 3, is supported in the ZR38601. The
For In-Circuit Emulation debugging using the ZR38000 Family
choices for host, data input and output, and external memory are
Simulator, the monitor is used in a mode for single-step and
summarized in Table 5. Those that are supported by the
breakpoint execution of programs.
standard functions with the standard commands are noted. Indi-
vidual SiliconSoftware functions support additional
Software - System Configurations configurations. For example, the Karaoke Processing supports
As a result of the ZR38601's ability to be configured from a low- the bit-serial ADC data input and the external data RAM required
cost, fixed-function device to a very flexible, full capability audio for pitch correction and voice reverberation.
processor, there are many choices as to how the software is
Table 4: Software Configurations
Configuration Description Benefits
Host Operation Using Internal Standard ROM Download program RAM with SiliconSoft- Moderate flexibility for current and future
Standard Commands ware for additional current and future functions with only host S/W development.
functions.
Host Operation Using Internal Standard ROM Download program RAM with SiliconSoft- Moderate customization and flexibility for
Standard and Custom ware from host with current, future and current and future functions. Moderate
Commands and APIs custom functions. host overhead.
Internal Standard ROM + Download program RAM with SiliconSoft- Maximum customization with maximum
External Custom ROM ware from external ROM for current and flexibility for current and future functions.
custom functions or from host for future Low host overhead except for future
functions. functions.
Internal Custom ROM Download program RAM with SiliconSoft- Moderate customization with moderate
ware from host for future functions. flexibility for future functions. Minimum
cost and low host overhead except for
future functions.
Stand Alone (No Host) Internal Standard ROM + Standard and custom functions with Low cost, maximum customization. Broad
Operation Using Standard External Custom ROM control through GPIO port. choice of ROM technologies for flexibility
and Custom Functions with for future.
APIs Internal Custom ROM Standard and custom functions with Lowest recurring cost with maximum
control through GPIO port. No future flexi- customization.
bility without internal ROM non-recurring
engineering (NRE) cost.
8
ZR38601
Hosts Up to six channels of bit-serial ADC data can be input as master
or slave in a wide variety of industry formats when required by
A host microprocessor is not required for the ZR38601's opera-
SiliconSoftware functions.
tion. A custom program, in either the internal ROM or an external
ROM with the standard internal ROM, is sufficient. Control of the Up to eight channels of bit-serial DAC data can be output as
operation is then through the GPIO (General Purpose Input/Out- master or slave in the same variety of industry formats including
put) ports. I2S and EIAJ with word, frame and frameless synchronization.
Ports B,C and D are used by standard 6-channel functions with
However, the greatest flexibility is available if a host is used. The
Port G in addition for 8-channel SiliconSoftware functions. Oth-
least costly in external hardware is a serial host interface. The
erwise Port G serves as a S/PDIF master transmitter.
four-wire SPI (Small Peripheral Interface) or two-wire Z2C
signals (see Table 6) connect directly to most low-cost micro- External Memory
controllers. There is no speed penalty with a host serial interface
The 20 address and 16 data lines of the parallel port allow a wide
and it leaves the parallel interface free for use with external
choice of external memory for program and data storage if
memories.
needed for SiliconSoftware functions or for future flexibility.
The ZR38601's parallel interface can be used for a byte-wide Variable wait-states are supported for slower, lower cost memo-
connection to a microprocessor host along with byte-wide I/O ries. Not used concurrently with parallel host or I/O interfaces.
with the standard command support. The full 16-bits of the
parallel interface can be used for an I/O connection if called in Hardware - Digital Audio Processor
the developer's software. Note that the parallel interface can not
The ZR38601 is composed of the interfaces, memories and
be used concurrently for the host and I/O while it is being used
system clocks that surround the ZR38001 DSP core shown in
for external data or program memory.
Figure 5. The individual signals of each of the interfaces and
Data Input/Output power supply connection are summarized in Table 6.
The primary data input is the single-wire digital audio interface The figure illustrates the sharing of the serial output port G with
receiver. This conforms fully to S/PDIF, IEC-958, AES/EBU and the S/PDIF transmitter and the multiple functions of the parallel
EIAJ CP-340 consumer standards. All standard sampling rates port for the external host, I/O and memories. Note from Table 6
are supported for raw or packetized bitstreams as well as the how the un-used of the 16-bit memory data lines are utilized for
data driven master operation using the DREQ signal on the additional control when the parallel byte-wide interface is
GPIO0 port. Serial port A or the byte-wide parallel interface may employed for the external host and I/O.
alternately be used for the channel bitstream as master or slave.
Using standard functions, three of the six GPIO signals are ded-
The parallel interface also provides data driven master opera-
icated as a MUTE input, an I/O data request output, DREQ, and
tion, but it can not be used concurrently with external memory in
an I/O error output, ERROR.
the system.
RAM Image RAM Image
SiliconSoftwareTM SiliconSoftwareTM
3-D Audio 3-D Audio
Bass Management Bass Management
DVD I/O Host Program ROM or DVD
Processor Flash EPROM
Home THX Home THX
Music Modes Music Modes
Custom, Etc. Custom, Etc.
Standard ROM Custom ROM
Standard and Custom
Standard Functions Functions
Program
RAM Program Pri. Decode & Test Decode & Test
ZR38601 ROM Operation OR Operation
Set-Up Set-Up
System System
RAM Image
SiliconSoftwareTM
3-D Audio
Bass Management
Byte-Wide
DVD Program ROM
Home THX
Music Modes
Custom, Etc.
Figure 4. Software Memory Configurations
9
ZR38601
Table 5: System Hardware Configurations and Standard Command Support
Hardware Configuration Hardware Configuration Description Standard Command Support
Host None Custom program using parallel and/or GPIO interface for control. None. Requires custom internal or
external program ROM.
Bit-serial Interface Industry standard four-wire SPI duplex or two-wire Z2C half- Yes.
duplex.
Parallel Interface Byte-wide selectable for I/O and Commands. Not possible con- Yes.
current with external memory.
Data Input S/PDIF Channel Standard single-wire receiver. Yes.
Bit-serial Channel Serial Port A is a flexible slave or data driven master with DREQ. Yes.
Parallel Channel Byte-wide master, slave or data-driven master with DREQ. Not Yes.
possible concurrent with external memory.
ADC bit-serial Up to six channels as a flexible master or slave. No.
Data Output DAC bit-serial Up to eight channels on Ports B, C, D and G as flexible master Yes for 6-channel ports B, C and D.
or slave.
S/PDIF Channel Standard single-wire transmitter on Port G. Master only. Yes, Port G.
External Program ROM Byte-wide or 16-bit-wide loading of internal 32-bit program RAM. Yes, byte-wide only.
Memory Data RAM and/or Up to 16-bit wide memory for custom functions requiring large Not required for standard functions.
ROM delay memory (RAM) or parameter tables (ROM).
Internal memories are large: the 20-kwords of 32-bit pro- a predetermined system clock frequency. Having two PLLs lets
gram/data ROM is augmented with an addition 2-kwords of the DSP core synchronously operate at its maximum 50 MIPS
down-loadable RAM. The data only memory is a 10-kword RAM rate (f DSP = 100 MHz) for processing while the serial I/O
in the 20-bit data word precision. operates at the standard sample rates of 32, 44.1, 48 or 96 kHz,
regardless of whether the predetermined system clock frequen-
The two programmable phase-locked-loops (PLLs), one for the
cy is a common sub-multiple.
DSP core (◦ Jabse Service Manual Search 2024 ◦ Jabse Pravopis ◦ onTap.bg ◦ Other service manual resources online : Fixya ◦ eServiceinfo